据OKLink区块链浏览器的减半倒计时页面显示，同为比特币分叉币的BCH和BSV，即将在本周相继迎来减半。
According to the countdown page of the OKLink block chain browser, BCH and BSV, which are split by bitcoin, are about to be halved this week.
图片来源：OKLink区块链浏览器减半倒计时页面
Photo source: Half the countdown page for OKLink block chain browser
2017年8月1日，BCH成为了比特币的第一个硬分叉币。在其诞生之时，比特币社区内对“隔离见证”功能集成的争议就未曾停下。然而，BCH社区未曾料到的是，在隔年的11月，也就是2018年11月，BCH社区也一分为二。
On 1 August 2017, BCH became the first hard fork in Bitcoin. At the time of its birth, the controversy over the integration of the “segregation witness” function in the Bitcoin community had not stopped.
两年内相继分叉，BCH、BSV到底在和BTC争什么？
BCH, BSV, , BSV, >b} what is it with BTC?
BCH成功分叉后，比特币社区曾一度变得“一分叉而不可收拾”。据统计，比特币至少分叉了44种分叉币，出现了比特币糖果（Bitcoin Candy）、比特币钻石（Bitcoin Diamond）、比特币黄金（Bitcoin Gold）、比特币原子（Bitcoin Atom）等多个币种。
After a successful split of BCH, the Bitcoin community became “one fork and one fork.” According to statistics, Bitcoin splits at least 44 forks, with several currencies, such as Bitcoin Candy, Bitcoin Diamond, Bitcoin Gold, Bitcoin Atom.
这44种分叉币中，大多数的分叉币普及率低，交易量更是惨不忍睹。BCH和BSV算是发展较好的分叉币代表了。
Most of these 44 forks have low penetration, and the volume of transactions is even worse. The BCH and BSV represent the better-developed fork.
频频分叉，这些分叉币到底在和比特币争什么呢？
Frequent splits. What are these splits fighting with Bitcoins?
我们把时间调回到2013年。在诞生后的四年里，比特币用户体量越来越大，交易量也随之增加。紧接着，问题也出现了。原本设计的区块体积不够用，导致了比特币转账速度日益降低，转账手续费却高涨不下。比特币社区成员为了解决这一问题，先后提出了数百种提案，其中以比特大陆为主导的一方提出了直接扩容的大区块方案。比特币核心开发者Bitcoin Core则表示要“坚持初心”，保持1MB网络的同时推出第二层网络的隔离见证和闪电网络方案。
In the four years since its birth, the number of Bitcoin users has grown, and the volume of transactions has increased. The problem has also arisen. The design of blocks is inadequate, resulting in a decreasing speed of Bitcoin transfers and high transaction costs. In order to address this problem, members of the Bitcoin community have put forward hundreds of proposals, with the Bitcoin-led side offering a direct expansion of large blocks. Bitcoin Core Developer of Bitcoin has expressed the need to “stay the first heart” and to maintain a 1MB network while launching a second layer of isolation witness and lightning network programmes.
区块链生态系统由各种不同的利益相关者组成，矿工、开发人员和用户一起促成了网络的成功或失败。然而，在工作量证明（PoW）的生态系统中，矿工起着至关重要的作用，可以说拥有算力才拥有更多的话语权。虽然两派的争论坚持了好几年，但当时的比特大陆掌握的比特币全网算力达60%以上。于是，以比特大陆为代表的大区块方于2017年8月1日从BTC中分叉出BCH，将区块大小从1M提升到8M，结束了长达四年的扩容之争。
Block chain ecosystems are made up of a variety of stakeholders, and miners, developers, and users together contributed to the success or failure of the network. However, in an ecosystem with proven workload, miners play a vital role and can be said to have more power to say.
这一场“扩容之争”结束后不到两年，BCH发布升级公告，表示将对区块内交易增加规范交易排序（CTOR），并增加两个操作码（OP_CHECKDATASIG和OP_CHECKDATASIGVERIFY）。本质而言，此次升级并不会影响到BCH当前的运行模式，仅仅是为后续的扩容和转型智能合约公链做准备。但以nChain为代表的Bitcoin SV却明确反对了BCH的升级计划，提出了将区块容量上限继续提高到128M，并恢复中本聪早期版本中设计了但被禁用的4个操作码。双方提出的升级计划都围绕着扩容和智能合约，但牵扯到不同的利益纠葛，BCH和BSV最终引发了算力大战。
In essence, the upgrade does not affect the current BCH mode of operation, but only prepares for the subsequent expansion and transformation of the intellectual contract public chain. But the Bitcoin SV, represented by nChain, explicitly opposes the upgrade plan for the BCH, proposes to raise the block capacity cap to 128M and restore the four codes designed in the early version of the medium-hearing but banned.
当时，北京大学经济学博士刘昌用教授在接受媒体采访时曾表示，在算力层面，Bitcoin ABC（BCH）占据绝对优势；而同时主要的BCH区块链浏览器只能查询ABC版本的BCH链，用户找不到BSV的区块链浏览器，无法查看自己的交易，BSV就已经输了一大步了。
At that time, Dr. Liu Chang, Professor of Economics of Beijing University, in an interview with the media, said that Bitcoin ABC (BCH) had an absolute advantage at the computing level, while the main BCH block chain browser had access only to the BCH version of the BC, and that users could not find the BSV block chain browser and could not see their own transactions, and that BSV had already lost a significant step.
从过往的回顾中，可以简单看出，BCH和BSV属于扩容派，BTC则坚持锁死1MB区块。三者发展的方向也不尽相同，BCH与BTC的最底层哲学是一致的，都认为其本身的价值呈现是“货币”。BSV则要做全球账本，认为比特币只是全球账本上的通用货币。
From a review of the past, it can be seen simply that BCH and BSV are magnifying, while BTC insists on locking down 1MB blocks. The directions of the three developments are different, and both BCH and BTC's bottom philosophy consider its own value to be “currency”. BSV, for its part, is a global book of accounts, considering Bitcoin to be a universal currency on the global book of accounts.
尽管有各种分歧，但BTC、BCH、BSV三者都是用的SHA256算法，矿工可以在三个币种中灵活切换算力。据OKLink区块链浏览器显示，BTC、BCH、BSV三者的网络出块速度也有一定的关联性，BSV网络出块延迟的同时BCH、BTC出块时间有所加快。
Despite differences, BTC, BCH, and BSV are all SHA256 algorithms that allow miners to switch their power in three currencies in a flexible manner. According to the OKLink block chain browser, BTC, BCH, and BSV have some relevance to their network output speed, while BSV is delayed while BCH and BTC are faster.
OKLink区块链浏览器数据播报
OKLink block chain browser data broadcast
BCH、BSV本周减半后，是否会引起BTC算力快速上涨？
BCH, BSV after halving this week, does b> cause BTC to grow rapidly?
前面我们提到了，在工作量证明（PoW）的生态系统中，矿工起着至关重要的作用。这一点，在BCH和BSV分叉时的算力大战也可以看出，不管是哪一方，都在争取矿工的支持。
As we have mentioned earlier, miners play a vital role in the work-proven ecosystems. As can be seen in the battle between BCH and BSV, either side is seeking the support of the miners.
矿工们在此次减半行情中受到的关注也不少。早前，在减半话题讨论愈演愈烈的同时，“矿难”的猜想也时常被提起。减半后，区块奖励的减少必然会造成矿工盈利空间的压缩。
The idea of a “mine disaster” has often been raised at the same time as the debate on halving has intensified. After halving, a reduction in block incentives will inevitably result in a reduction in the profit space for miners.
事实上，据OKLink区块链浏览器显示，3月12日的暴跌行情已经打击了不少矿工的信心，BTC全网算力曾一度呈现持续下降的趋势，自2020年1月以来首次低于100EH/s。直到3月26日的难度调整之后，BTC算力才开始缓慢回升。而过去的两次BTC减半，全网算力通常会在减半前几个月出现明显上涨。
In fact, according to the OKLink block-chain browser, the collapse of March 12 has hit many miners’ confidence, and the BTC’s full-net capacity has been declining for a while, for the first time since January 2020, below 100 EH/s. It was not until March 26, when difficulties were adjusted, that BTC’s capacity began to rise slowly.
本周BCH和BSV减半后，距离BTC的区块奖励减半仍有一个月左右的时间。这一个月的“窗口期”，预计会有不少BCH和BSV的矿工将算力切至BTC网络以减少损失。而BCH、BSV网络将会处于易于被攻击的状态。但这种现象即使发生了，应该也只是短期现象。除去少数因为信仰而坚持留下的矿工，BCH、BSV的利益强相关者应该会保留算力以维持网络运行。
After halving BCH and BSV this week, there is still about a month before the BTC block incentive is halved. This month's “window period”, it is expected that a number of BCH and BSV miners will cut to the BTC network to reduce losses.
长期来看，BTC、BCH、BSV区块奖励减少后，交易费将成为节点的主要补偿。届时，BTC、BCH、BSV拼的将是链上交易量与价格。至于谁能获得更多的市场份额，那就只有等时间告诉我们答案了。
In the long run, when BTC, BCH, and BSV block incentives are reduced, transaction costs will be the main compensation for nodes. At that point, BTC, BCH, and BSV will spell transaction volumes and prices on the chain.
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