一、腾讯区块链
i. Stretch block chain
近日，腾讯发布了2019腾讯区块链白皮书，这是腾讯自2017年以来发布的又一份白皮书。
In recent days, the White Paper on the Tweets Chain of 2019, another published since 2017, has been released.
就我个人而言，我认为这份白皮书非常精彩和详细。它既有理论高度，又有案例解释。我建议有兴趣的朋友可以找一下看看。我花了很长时间研究它，收获颇丰。与2017年的白皮书相比，此次白皮书与2017年最大的不同在于，当年的规划已逐渐成为现实，这次落地案例更多。
Personally, I think the white paper is excellent and detailed. It has both theoretical depth and case interpretation. I suggest that interested friends can look for it. I spent a lot of time studying it, and I learned a lot. This white paper is the biggest difference from the 2017 white paper.
腾讯的区块链白皮书列举了几个已经实施的案例，非常具有代表性：
The White Paper on the Chain of Blocks of the Circulation lists several examples that have already been implemented and is very representative:
第一：腾讯与深圳市地税局共同建立“智慧税收”创新实验室，开发税收链条，开放电子发票开具、报销、申报、审核全过程管理，帮助监管部门节约成本、提高效率，为纳税人提供更加人性化的服务。目前已有2000多家企业联网，从2019年8月5日起至区块链电子发行。一周年时，已开具发票近600万张，日均发票4.4万张，发票金额39亿元。
二是腾讯与合作伙伴共同打造的“微企业链”供应链金融平台，引进腾讯财务管理、银行、私募基金、保理公司等各类资金渠道，成功与创维等10多家核心企业合作，麦当劳和数字广东。今年5月，非特定债务人abs项目获批，储备规模100亿元，大大改善了中小微企业融资困难，提高了核心企业的经营效率和竞争力，扩大了金融机构的经营规模，更加安全方式，实现各方共赢。三是在司法领域，腾讯与中国网易、北明软件共同建设了智能司法领域的基础设施，目前已获得最高人民法院的认可，多家高级人民法院作为权威节点加入了信用链，数据链上存储了超过一千万条数据。
is the financial platform of the “micro-business chain” developed with partners to open up, open up the financial platform of the supply chain of micro-enterprises, to introduce financial resources such as financial management, banking, private fund-raising, insurance companies, to expand the operations of financial institutions, and to make them more secure. It has been successful in working with more than 10 core businesses, such as Save the Wire, McDonald's and Digital Broad East. In May of this year, the non-debtor-specific abbs project was approved, with a total of 44,000 bills a day and an invoice amount of $3.9 billion.
除此之外，还有大量的证书存储项目、游戏项目、区块链物联网项目等。据了解，腾讯区块链已开始在各个领域深化努力，并已陆续实施。
In addition, there are a large number of certificate storage projects, games, block chain networking projects, and so on.
看完腾讯的区块链白皮书，我其实有点担心市场上的公链。腾讯链链的发展（当然，不仅是腾讯Band Stand，而且阿里巴巴的Ant BooStand、百度的超级链等）都是如此的好，它将对现有的公共链项目的发展产生很大的影响。
I'm actually worried about the public chain in the market after reading the white paper on the grid. The development of the tether chain (not only Band Stand, of course, but Ant BooStand of Alibaba, 100-degree superlinks, etc.) is so good that it will have a great impact on the development of existing public chain projects.
与腾讯区块链的普及相比，整个公链项目已经冷清了很多，甚至不能说是冷清了。例如，作为最著名的公共连锁之一，eos最近受到了极大的批评。最近几天，一篇题为“讨论块”的文章突然火了起来。一是媒体对EOS母公司BlockOne之前的一些事情进行“清算”。除了eos之外，其他的公共链，比如许多国内的公共链，最近都比较陌生。而且，最近在市场上，各种“公链”项目运行和解散的消息层出不穷。
For example, as one of the most well-known public chains, eos has recently been heavily criticized. In recent days, an article entitled “Discussion Block” has suddenly caught fire.
公链项目的冷清与腾讯区块链的火爆形成了巨大反差。我们不禁要问，在腾讯区块链的强力攻击下，公链项目是否还有未来？它的发展方向是什么？腾讯区块链未来会成为主流吗？
There is a huge contrast between the coldness of the public-chain project and the fire in the tether block chain. We wonder if there is a future for the public-chain project under the powerful attack of the tether block chain. What is its direction? Will the tether block chain become mainstream in the future?
二。腾讯区块链与公共链的比较
事实上，仔细想想。
In fact, think about it.
这些互联网巨头拥有足够的资本优势。他们的资本规模超出了许多传统的公共连锁项目的范围。腾讯区块链可以在没有融资的情况下长期存在，甚至可以经历几轮牛市和熊市。同时，他们也有人才优势。中国互联网精英大多在这些互联网巨头中，其中不乏具有生态优势的，如腾讯的微信支付、微信聊天、红包及其各种生态，直接覆盖数亿C端用户和B端中小企业。同时，他们有政策优势，与最高人民法院和各级政府机构有着密切的合作。如果腾讯想与他们在区块链上进行深度合作，也应该让合作更加容易。
These big Internet players have sufficient capital advantages. Their capital size goes beyond many traditional public chains.
我个人觉得，在现阶段，如果简单比较一下先实施哪种类型的区块链项目，传统的公共链是无法与腾讯区块链的分布式核算项目相比的。以腾讯推出的tbaas服务为例。它建在云上。与需要特殊账户、钱包和应用程序的公共连锁项目相比，那些想使用tbaas服务的机构只需要注册，甚至下载客户端就可以直接在云上运行。此外，腾讯区块链与使用这些服务的组织有许多业务联系。无论是技术、产品还是用户体验，这些公共链项目都无法与腾讯区块链相比。与腾讯区块链相比，腾讯区块链更容易倒下。
Personally, it seems to me that, at this stage, the traditional public chain cannot be compared with the distributional accounting of the tether block chain if one compares briefly the type of block chain that is to be implemented first. For example, the tbaas service, which is to be launched, is built on the cloud. Those who want to use the tbaas service only need to register and even download the client. Moreover, the tether sector chain has many business connections with the organization that uses the service. Neither the technology, the product nor the user experience, these public chain projects can be compared to the tether block chain.
我们曾经嘲笑这些腾讯区块链，说它们根本不能称为区块链，它们只是做私人链和联盟链，只是分布式会计项目，根本没有“区块”。但事实上，即使只是分布式会计项目，只要合作伙伴能够利用这种分布式会计系统架构，穿越最后一公里的跨中心信息传输，只要能够在此框架下进行分布式合作，他们实际上可以解决问题并发挥作用。
We used to laugh at these tether chains, saying that they could not be called block chains at all, that they were private chains and chains of alliances, that they were distributed accounting items, that there were no “blocks” at all. But, in fact, even though they were distributed accounting items, partners could actually solve problems and play a role as long as they could use this distributed accounting system architecture to pass through the last kilometre of cross-centre information transmission, and that they could cooperate in a distributed way within that framework.
从根本上讲，腾讯区块链能做什么，目前，公链无法与腾讯区块链竞争；公链唯一的机会是腾讯区块链做不到的部分。
essentially what the tether block chain can do, and the public chain is not currently able to compete with the tether block chain; the only opportunity for the tether is the part of the tether block chain that can't be done.
在这样的反差下，公链项目似乎在各个方面都落后了。看来公共连锁项目根本没有机会。是真的吗？
In this contrast, the public chain projects seem to be lagging behind in every aspect. It seems that the public chain projects have no chance at all. Is it true?
三、公共链优势
III. Public chain advantage
我也不认为情况如此悲观。尽管腾讯区块链在这些分布式会计项目中在资金、技术、人才、生态和政府关系方面处于领先地位，但它们最致命的弱点之一是无法连接到数字货币。。
I don't think it's so pessimistic either. Although the tether blocks are leading in these distributed accounting projects in terms of money, technology, talent, ecology and government relations, one of their most deadly weaknesses is the inability to connect to digital money.
无法与数字货币连接意味着他们基本上无法完成所有与数字货币相关的项目。他们不能做比特币相关项目，以太坊相关项目，EOS相关项目，USDT相关项目。如果天秤座将来能降落，他们就不能做天秤座相关的项目。
cannot be connected to digital money, which means that they are largely unable to complete all of the items associated with digital money. cannot do bitcoin-related projects, projects related to the Tails, projects related to the EOS, and projects related to the USDT. If the Libra will land in the future, they will not be able to do anything related to the Libra.
这是腾讯区块链联盟链和分布式核算项目非常显著的结构性缺陷，也是公共链项目的优势和机遇。这种优势可以细分为许多具体领域，例如：
is a very significant structural flaw in the tether block chain chain and distributed accounting project, as well as an advantage and an opportunity for the public chain project. such advantages can be broken down into many specific areas, such as:
一。付款字段
i. Payment fields
例如，在数字货币支付领域，腾讯区块链无法介入。
In the area of digital currency payments, for example, the tether block chain is not in a position to intervene.
数字货币的核心功能是支付，特别是跨境支付。由于分布式簿记项目中没有数字货币，实现支付功能是不可能的，但是公共链项目可以。
The central function of digital money is payment, especially cross-border payments. Since there are no distributed bookkeeping items, it is not possible to achieve payment functions, but public chain items can.
虽然很多公链并没有直接用于支付，但只要公链规模足够大，市值足够高，流动性足够好，就可以承担一定的货币和支付作用，比如很多地方支持ETH和EOS支付，而且很多公链已经发行了美元兑币，虽然公共链的令牌本身不能直接支付，但是公共链的USDT也可以直接支付；例如，公共链生态系统中的各种应用可以使公共链令牌迅速变成一种可以支付的数字货币。
While many public chains do not pay for them directly, as long as the public chain is large enough, market value is high enough, liquidity is good enough to assume a monetary and payment role, such as supporting ETH and EOS payments in many places, and many public chains have issued United States dollars in exchange, and while the public chain medals themselves cannot pay them directly, the public chain USDT can pay them directly; for example, applications in public chain ecosystems can quickly turn the public chain tokens into a payable digital currency.
出国旅游时，我们可以拿出钱包直接扫描，实现数字货币的转账支付，可以用来买咖啡、吃面包。在支付方面，公共连锁项目实际上沾染了比特币。谢谢你的比特币！
When you travel abroad, we can scan our wallets directly and make transfers of digital money for coffee and bread. In terms of payments, the public chain actually has Bitcoin. Thank you, Bitcoin!
支付领域是公共链与分布式会计项目的显著区别，是一个战略高地。公共连锁项目要想发展好，就必须占领这一战略高地。
The area of payment is a significant difference between a public chain and a distributed accounting project, and is a strategic highland. For a public chain project to develop well, it is necessary to occupy this strategic highland.
2.defi金融部门
2. Defi financial sector
由于腾讯区块链无法处理与数字货币相关的业务，因此无法处理数字货币的衍生业务，比如现在流行的defi finance。
Since the tether block chain is unable to handle operations related to digital currency, it is not possible to deal with derivatives of digital currency, such as the current popular defi finance.
虽然目前，defi金融还处于发展初期，基本上只限于简单的抵押贷款功能，但功能可以慢慢扩展，现在做defi金融的公共连锁项目越来越多，而且功能确实在逐步丰富。
Although defi finance is still in the early stages of development and is largely limited to simple mortgage functions, it can be expanded slowly, and public chains of defi finance are now growing and are indeed becoming progressively more functional.
正如长剪辑所说：
As long clips say:
“ICO只是虚拟金融的冰山一角，而DEFI本身就是冰山一角，是区块链对金融业的真正价值。”
defi金融是一个非常巨大的市场，哪个公共链可以占领这个市场，哪个公共链可以活得很好。defi-finance是基于原有的数字货币，而腾讯区块链没有数字货币，因此无论defi-finance未来的发展如何，都可能与腾讯区块链无关。
Defi finance is a very large market, and which public chains can take over the market and which public chains can live well. Defi-finance is based on the original digital currency, whereas the tether block chain has no digital currency, so whatever the future development of the defi-finance may have nothing to do with the tether block chain.
defi财务应被视为公共链项目的第二战略领域，公共链必须抓住它。
Defi finance should be seen as the second strategic area of the public chain project, and the public chain must capture it.
三。交叉链场
Three. Cross-links.
类似的东西有交叉链。
Something like that has a cross-link.
交叉链是在区块链的基础上构建的，其核心特征是不同区块链令牌之间的转换和交易。因为它还涉及数字货币，不管腾讯区块链有多强大，不管他们多么想参与，他们都不能参与。我们只能看到，这一块被传统的公共链项目分割，只能看到哪一条公共链最终能够脱颖而出。
Cross-linking is built on the basis of a block chain, the central feature of which is the transformation and trade between the chains of the different blocks. It also involves digital currency, no matter how powerful the tether chain is, and no matter how much they want to be involved. We can only see that this piece is divided by traditional public chain projects, and we can only see which public chain can eventually emerge.
交叉链是一个非常棘手的技术问题。现在看来，这是一个“快乐的烦恼”。
Cross-links are a very difficult technical issue. Now, it seems to be a “happy trouble”.
四。资产链
IV. Asset chain
有一个领域我们有很高的期望。我们认为只有区块链才能做到，更具体地说，只有公共链项目才能做到，而且市场非常大。公链占领市场的那一天，或许就是区块链真正成熟落地的那一天。这一领域被称为“资产链”。
There is one area in which we have high expectations. We believe that only a block chain can be achieved, and more specifically, only a public chain project, and the market is very large. The day the public chain takes over the market, perhaps the day when the block chain really matures. This area is called the “asset chain”.
那么，未来的“资产链”领域究竟是区块链、公链世界还是腾讯区块链？
So, is the future “assets chain” a block chain, a public chain world or a tether block chain?
在我的陈述中，这取决于具体的资产。
In my statement, depends on the specific assets.
如果是音乐版权、影视版权、专利权、合同、仓单等，我认为腾讯区块链具有很强的竞争优势。一方面，他们有自己的音乐、影视、供应链等业务，与相关业务方有着原始的合作关系。同时，它们有一个可以存储的区块链，这些类别中最重要的资产是存储。此外，腾讯还与多家政府机构建立了密切合作关系。这些企业中有很多地方需要与政府合作，政府机构接受腾讯要比接受公链容易得多。
In the case of music copyrights, video copyrights, patents, contracts, warehouse receipts, etc., I think that there is a strong competitive advantage in the troupe chain. On the one hand, they have their own music, video, supply chains, etc., and they have original partnerships with the parties involved. At the same time, they have a chain of blocks that can be stored, and the most important asset in these categories is storage.
如果涉及大量原始数字资产，或者新的代币经济，甚至一点数字货币，那就不是一条公共链。例如，最著名的是美国农业部。事实上，美元贸易本质上是美元资产的上链，但这一部分涉及到货币主权，必须运行在一个具有较强分散化特征的制度上。这在传统的分布式会计项目中是不可行的。
In fact, dollar trade is essentially the upper chain of dollar assets, but this part involves monetary sovereignty and must operate in a system with a stronger decentralized character. This is not feasible in traditional distributed accounting projects.
但是，中间还存在着大量资产，如资产证券化、信托资产、非上市公司股权等债权。这些传统金融资产是腾讯区块链的“中餐”，还是未来公共链项目的“基地”？我觉得还不能确定。这将是未来双方直接竞争的主战场。
But there are also a large number of assets in the middle, such as securitization of assets, trust assets, and non-listed company equity claims. Are these traditional financial assets the “medium meal” of the tether chain or the “base” of the future public chain project?
为什么腾讯区块链的竞争优势没有那么大？由于腾讯做了大量的公务，但真正的金融业务仍然相对较少，而且他们的经验并不一定足够，而且，金融领域是国家的基础，这关系到国家安全和社会稳定，重要的还是要关注安全。此外，金融机构自身实力雄厚，有可能自行形成联盟链。比如，如果银联或者某个证券管理部门是形成特殊联盟链的领导者，或许他们不会先考虑腾讯的联盟链。相比之下，他们更可能直接使用传统的工作负载验证的公共链项目来确保安全。
Moreover, financial institutions are strong on their own and may form their own alliances. If, for example, the silver union or a securities authority is the leader in forming a special union chain, perhaps they will not consider the union chain first. By contrast, they are more likely to directly use traditional workload-tested public chain projects to ensure security.
传统金融的资产数字化是一块很大的蛋糕。目前，很多受益方都在看这块蛋糕，但它仍处于基础设施建设阶段。我们看不出哪个政党有明显的优势或劣势。我们需要继续观察谁将在未来死去。
The digitization of assets in traditional finance is a big cake. At present, many of the beneficiaries are watching the cake, but it is still in the infrastructure development phase. We do not see which party has a clear advantage or disadvantage. We need to continue to see who will die in the future.
四个。结论
腾讯区块链和公共链共同构成整个区块链产业；腾讯区块链也是整个区块链产业。
The tether block chain and the public chain together constitute the whole block chain industry; the tether block chain is also the whole block chain industry.
腾讯区块链和公共链既有竞争又有合作。目前的竞争格局如下：
The current pattern of competition is as follows:
一。在对C端和非金融业务领域，公链项目难以与腾讯区块链竞争；
I. In the area of end-C and non-financial operations, the public chain project is difficult to compete with the tether block chain;
2.在本土数字货币及相关衍生产品领域，腾讯区块链难以争夺公共链项目；
2. In the area of indigenous digital money and related derivatives, it is difficult to compete for public chains;
三。在传统的金融领域，双方都有机会，而公共链可能略占优势，但同时，双方都要面对特殊的联盟链在金融领域的冲击。
III. In the traditional area of finance, there are opportunities for both sides, and the public chain may be somewhat superior, while at the same time both sides face the financial shock of a particular union chain.
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