2020年8月15日，全国公共资源交易领域举办的首个以区块链应用为主题的大会——公共资源交易区块链研讨会暨应用成果发布会在广州举行。本次大会由国家信息中心和中国信息通信研究院指导，可信区块链推进计划和公共资源交易区块链共享应用合作工作组主办，广州公共资源交易中心和标信智链（杭州）科技发展有限公司承办。国家信息中心公共技术服务部副主任徐春学代表国家公共资源交易服务平台致辞。他表示，以数字技术为依托的公共资源交易平台整合取得显著成效，区块链在公共资源交易领域的应用价值不断显现，区块链技术有望成为公共资源交易治理创新的变革力量，拥有广阔的应用前景。
On 15 August 2020, the first conference in the area of public resource transactions, on the application of the block chain, and the launch of the results, was held in Guangzhou. The conference was directed by the National Information Centre and the China Institute of Information and Communications, hosted by the Working Group on Cooperation in the Application of Credible Block Chains Promotion Plans and Public Resources Trading Block Chains, and hosted by the Guangzhou Public Resources Trading Centre and the Telecommunication and Technology Development Chain (Hunzhou) Ltd. The Deputy Director of the Public Technology Services Department of the National Information Centre delivered a message on behalf of the National Public Resources Trading Service Platform. He said that the integration of the public resource trading platform, supported by digital technology, had yielded significant results, that the value of the sector chains applied in the area of public resource transactions was constantly visible, and that the sector chain technology was expected to become a transformative force for innovation in the governance of public resource transactions, with broad application prospects.
以下是徐春学演讲全文：
The following is the full text of Xu Chunxy's lecture:
尊敬的各位领导，各位来宾，女士们，先生们，大家上午好！
Distinguished leaders, guests, ladies and gentlemen, good morning!
非常高兴参加公共资源交易区块链研讨会暨应用成果发布会。我谨代表国家公共资源交易服务平台对会议的召开表示热烈的祝贺！
On behalf of the National Public Resource Trading Service (NPTS), I would like to warmly congratulate you on the convening of the Public Resource Trading Service (NPTS) meeting.
以大数据、云计算、人工智能、区块链、量子通信等为代表的数字技术不断涌现，深刻的改变人类生产生活方式，成为国家治理和经济社会发展的创新引擎。业界认为，区块链是“继蒸汽机、电力、信息和互联网科技之后，最具有触发第五轮颠覆性科技革命潜能的核心技术”。各国政府纷纷出台政策，推动区块链技术发展，我国也将区块链确定为战略性前沿技术和颠覆性技术。习近平总书记在主持中央政治局第十八次集体学习时指出，要把区块链作为核心技术自主创新重要突破口，加快推动区块链技术和产业创新发展。认真学习习近平总书记重要讲话精神，我们认识到，区块链在建设网络强国、发展数字经济、助力经济社会发展等方面具有十分重要意义。当前，各地正在按照《国务院办公厅转发国家发展改革委关于深化公共资源交易平台整合共享的指导意见》要求，上下协同联动，抓紧推进落实平台整合共享各项任务。积极推进区块链在公共资源交易领域的运用，有利于深化公共资源交易平台整合共享，有利于促进形成强大国内市场，优化营商环境，规范公共资源交易市场运行。
The digital technology, represented by big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, block chains, quantum communications, etc., is constantly emerging, profoundly changing the way of human production and becoming an innovative engine of governance and economic and social development. The industry believes that block chains are “the core technology that triggers the fifth wave of subversive technological revolution, following steam machines, electricity, information and Internet technology.” Governments have adopted policies to promote the technological development of block chains, and we have identified them as strategic cutting-edge and subversive technologies. The Secretary-General of Xi Jinping, in chairing the eighteenth collective study of the Central Bureau of Political Affairs, has pointed out the need to accelerate the development of block chains and industrial innovation as important breakthroughs in core technological autonomy and innovation.
近年来，国家信息中心在有关部门指导下，在各地方大力支持下，持续推进国家公共资源交易服务平台建设，发挥交易服务公共入口、数据共享公共通道、跨区域交易综合技术支撑作用。借此机会，谈三点体会，供各位专家、同仁参考。
In recent years, the National Information Centre, under the guidance of the relevant authorities and with considerable local support, has continued to promote the development of a national public resources trading service, which serves as a public entry point for trade services, a public access point for data sharing, and an integrated technology support for cross-regional transactions.
第一，以数字技术为依托的公共资源交易平台整合取得显著成效。
First, the integration of public resource trading platforms based on digital technology has yielded significant results.
在各地方共同努力下，以国家公共资源交易服务平台为顶层枢纽的全国平台联通共享体系基本建立。国家平台横向对接6个中央部门和5个国家级信息平台，纵向通过省市服务系统，整合接入600多个电子交易系统。全国公共资源交易平台一体化服务能力初步构建。
The national platform, with the national public resources trading service platform serving as a top-level hub, has basically been set up. The national platform interfaces six central departments and five national information platforms and integrates vertically over 600 electronic trading systems through the provincial and municipal service systems.
一是“信息一网公开”基本实现。国家平台3年发布3600万条交易公告和公示信息，日均更新公告公示1万条左右；累计访问量14亿次，日访问量突破300万次，提升了交易的透明度，促进了企业充分竞争，激发和释放了市场活力。
One is that “Info-Net” is basically being achieved. The national platform publishes 36 million trade announcements and publicity messages over three years, with an average daily update of about 10,000; a cumulative 1.4 billion visits and over 3 million daily visits, enhances transparency of transactions, promotes full competition among firms, and stimulates and unleashes market dynamism.
二是“服务一网通办”深入开展。国家平台发挥数据汇聚优势，开通主体基本信息、资质信息、业绩信息共享接口，助力各地信息核验、材料核实；各地方平台立足公共服务职能定位，不断精简服务事项和环节，大力推进互联网+公共资源交易，推行远程异地评标、不见面开标。特别是疫情防控期间确保交易不断档、服务不掉线，有力支撑复工复产。
The second is the in-depth development of the "Service One" (Sone One). National platforms provide the advantage of data pooling, providing access to essential master information, qualification information, performance information-sharing interfaces, enabling local information verification and material verification; local platforms are positioned on the basis of public service functions, continuously streamlining service lines and links, promoting Internet + public resource transactions, and promoting distance evaluation and non-visibility of bids.
三是“监管一网覆盖”不断提升。国家平台对接住建部、水利部、税务总局、国家铁路局等，推送数据2200余万条，助力重大项目评估、税源监控、交易市场治理等。各级平台积极对接行政监管部门，实时推送交易数据，提供“第一现场”证据材料，对“围标串标”等违法行为实现自动预警。
The national platform transmits over 22 million data to the Ministry of Construction, the Ministry of Water, the General Directorate of Taxation, the National Railway, etc., and contributes to the evaluation of major projects, the monitoring of tax sources, and the governance of the trading market.
以数字技术为依托的平台整合共享，促进了公共资源交易市场的健康有序发展，也为公共资源交易治理创新奠定了坚实基础。同时，也要看到，公共资源交易数据生成主体多元、采集方式分散，现有平台系统本级整合、逐级对接的模式，导致数据汇聚共享链条长，数据信任机制难以建立，数据驱动业务创新的作用没有充分发挥。
The integration of platforms based on digital technology promotes a healthy and orderly development of public resource trading markets, and provides a solid basis for innovation in public resource trading governance. At the same time, it is important to note that data generation for public resource trading is diversified and fragmented, with patterns of local integration of existing platform systems and horizontal alignment leading to long data-sharing chains, data trust mechanisms are difficult to establish, and data-driven business innovations are not fully utilized.
第二，区块链在公共资源交易领域的应用价值不断显现。
Secondly, the value of the block chain in the area of public resource transactions is constantly evident.
区块链通过点对点通信、加密算法、共识机制、智能合约等关键技术，建立一个多节点共同记账的超级账本，可以完整、不可篡改地记录价值转移（交易）的全过程，形成不依赖中心组织和现有规则的数据信任关系。随着技术的不断发展成熟，区块链从虚拟数字货币领域，开始面向整个社会治理、智慧城市、数字经济等领域全面渗透。区块链具有的数据一致存储、难以篡改、可追溯等特征，为解决公共资源交易数据信任难题，提供了新的思路和解决路径。
Through key technologies, such as point-to-point communications, encryption algorithms, consensus mechanisms, smart contracts, a multi-point, common record-keeping superbook that allows complete and inexorable recording of the entire process of value transfer (transaction) and creates data trust relationships that are not dependent on central organizations and existing rules. As technology matures, block chains begin to penetrate across the board from the realm of virtual digital money to the realm of governance, smart cities, and the digital economy. The links have features such as consistent storage of data, difficulty of tampering, traceability, and so forth, providing new ideas and pathways to resolve the problem of trusting data on public resource transactions.
我们欣喜的看到，一些地方公共资源交易平台积极探索，运用区块链技术创新业务模式，涌现出不少优秀案例和实践成果。广州联合北京、珠海等十城市公共资源交易中心，共同搭建区域公共资源交易区块链平台，开展身份互认、资信共享等应用，取得明显成效。甘肃通过交易行为、交易数据上链存证，助力网上开评标。昆明市通过对主体业绩、信用、不良行为等进行存证、共享，形成部门监督、行业监督、社会监督多方合力。这些实践成果，为全国推广区块链应用，深化平台整合共享，积累了宝贵经验。
We are pleased to see that some local public resource trading platforms actively explore innovative business models using block-chain technologies, resulting in a number of good examples and practical results. Guangzhou, in association with ten city public resource trading centres, such as Beijing and Joohai, has jointly built regional public resource-trading platform, using such applications as mutual recognition and information-sharing.
第三，区块链技术有望成为公共资源交易治理创新的变革力量
Third, block chain technology is expected to be a transformative force for innovation in governance of public resource transactions
区块链本质是以程序代码和算法信任，代替第三方权威信任，核心价值是实现社会关系运行智能化，构建网络空间的新秩序。区块链作为智能社会和数字经济的信任基础设施，应用场景主要在社会关系领域而不在物理世界的实体领域。展望未来，人们将更愿意以共同参与、公平可见、基于技术的机制构建信任、传递价值、开展合作。区块链有望成为公共资源交易治理创新的重要变革力量。
In essence, the block chain is a process code and algorithmic trust that replaces the authority of third parties. The core value is the intellectualization of social relations and the construction of a new order in cyberspace. The block chain, as an infrastructure of trust in the intelligent society and the digital economy, is used primarily in the sphere of social relations and not in the physical sphere of the physical world.
一是重塑新关系，促进市场统一开放。公共资源交易具有鲜明的公共属性和市场属性，单一强调公共属性，交易活动因权力范围、组织边界等，形成“中心化”交易范围圈，限制市场机制作用的发挥；单一强调市场属性，容易导致竞争失序，影响资源配置的公平公正。基于区块链的多中心治理机制，有望重塑网络空间政府、市场和社会的关系，重构公共资源交易的规则体系和运行机制。每个中心都是链上的一个节点，区块链的分布式网络结构有助于打破传统交易圈，实现更广范围内的信息流、资金流、物质流等市场要素自由匹配。
One is to reshape new relationships and promote a unified and open market. Public resource transactions have distinct public attributes and market attributes, with a single emphasis on public attributes, a “centralized” trading circle based on the scope of power, organizational boundaries, etc., which limits the functioning of market mechanisms; a single emphasis on market attributes, which can easily lead to competition failures and affect equity and fairness in resource allocation. Multi-centric governance mechanisms based on block chains are expected to reshape the relationship between cyberspace governments, markets and society, as well as the system of rules and operating mechanisms for public resource transactions. Each centre is a node on the chain, and the distributed network structure of the sector chains helps break traditional trading circles and achieve free matching of market elements such as information flows, capital flows, material flows, etc.
二是构建新秩序，维护交易公平公正。随着数字技术的发展和运用，技术成为构建市场秩序的新途径。一方面，技术规则形成秩序。网络空间是特定技术架构的产物，区块链是保证制度和流程严格执行、数据可信流通的迄今最强技术手段，技术规则变成了强制约系统，不可随意修改、强力执行。另一方面，技术为其他治理方式赋能。当监管部门成为链上节点之一，监管行为更加透明高效，监管能力大幅提升。
With the development and application of digital technology, technology has become a new way of shaping the market order. On the one hand, technological rules have been organized. Cyberspace is the product of a particular technological architecture, and the block chain is the most powerful technological tool ever used to guarantee the rigorous enforcement of systems and processes, a credible flow of data, and technical rules have become mandatory, unmodified and enforced.
三是创造新价值，助力国家经济治理。数字经济时代，平台是新的资源配置组织方式，数据是新的生产要素。随着公共资源交易平台由信息联通汇聚平台向全国一体化数字交易平台迈进，各市场要素在一个平台上符号化聚集，公共资源交易平台具有实时反映市场经济活动和公共资源配置情况的能力，成为国家经济治理的利器。通过交易数据和其他要素结合，有利于发展新的产业形态，培育新的发展动能。
In the digital economy, platforms are new ways of organizing resource allocation and data are new factors of production. As the public resources trading platform moves from an information-connected platform to an integrated national digital trading platform, market elements gather symbolically on one platform, and the public resources trading platform has the ability to reflect market economy activities and public resource allocation in real time and become an instrument of national economic governance.
各位来宾，区块链在公共资源交易领域拥有广阔的应用前景。我们愿意与在座的专家同仁一道，在顶层规划、标准制定、规则研究、数据共享、培训推广等方面共同努力，推动区块链技术在公共资源交易领域的应用，为建立统一开放、竞争有序的现代公共资源交易市场体系，促进我国经济高质量发展作出新的更大贡献。
Ladies and gentlemen, the block chain has a wide range of applications in the area of public resource transactions. We are ready to work with our fellow experts here on top-level planning, standard-setting, rule-based research, data-sharing, training and extension to promote the application of block chain technology in the area of public resource transactions, and to make a new and larger contribution to the establishment of a modern, unified, open and competitive market system for public resource transactions and to the high-quality development of our economy.
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