制图：李洁
■本报记者 许旸
I'm a reporter, Xu Xu Jian.
随着微软、苹果、腾讯、华为等国内外企业进军布局相关产业，“元宇宙”这一全新互联网形态浪潮席卷全球，引爆了资本的热情，科技巨头们争做“头号玩家”，这个充满着浪漫想象力和严谨科学色彩的词引发各界热议，《元宇宙：开启未来世界的六大趋势》《元宇宙通证》《元宇宙新经济》《解码元宇宙：未来经济与投资》等相关研究著作陆续面世。
As domestic and foreign companies, such as Microsoft, Apple, Tetsu and Hua, move into the relevant industries, & & & & & & & quo; this whole new form of the Internet traverses the globe, unleashing the enthusiasm for capital, and the technocrats are fighting for & & & & & & & & & & & & ; this word, full of romantic imagination and rigorous scientific colours, has generated a lot of debate, with the Mesocomos: Six Trends for the Future, the Mesocosian Transmitigation of the Mesmos, The New Economy of the Mesmos, The Decodrome: Future Economy and Investment, among others.
“元宇宙是整合多种新技术产生的虚实相融的新型互联网应用和社会形态，将虚拟世界与现实世界在经济系统、社交系统、身份系统上密切融合，并允许每个用户进行内容生产和世界编辑。”前不久，清华大学发布《2020-2021元宇宙发展研究报告》，报告执笔者之一、清华大学新媒体研究中心执行主任沈阳在专题讲座中指出，近年来疫情加速了社会虚拟化，“宅经济”快速发展，线上生活由原先短时期例外状态成为常态。但目前元宇宙概念布局仍集中于扩展现实及游戏社交领域，技术生态和内容生态尚未成熟，场景入口也有待拓宽，理想愿景和现实发展间仍存在漫长的“去泡沫化”过程。
& & & & & ldquo; The meta-cosmos is a new and innovative Internet application and social shape that integrates the various new technologies, closely integrating the virtual world with the real world in economic systems, social systems, identity systems, and allowing each user to produce content and edit the world. & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &, & & & & & & & & & &, & & & & & & & & & &, & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &, & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &, & & & & & & & & & & & &, & & & & & & & & & &,, & & & ; & & & & & &, & & & & & & ; & & &, & &, &,, & & &, &, & & & & & &.
科幻小说和电影曾预见“元宇宙”雏形，是时候从人文视角重新考量
Sci-fi novels and films had foreseen & & ldquao; the Won-Cosmos & rdquao; the prototype, it's time to reconsider from a human point of view.
未来世界往往在科幻小说和电影中提早预告了剧情，元宇宙也不例外。
The world of the future is often ahead of time in science fiction and films, and the universe is no exception.
早在1971年，波兰科幻天才斯塔尼斯瓦夫·莱姆在《完美的真空》中模拟了人类创造元宇宙的全过程；“赛博朋克之父”威廉·吉布森1984年完成的《神经漫游者》描绘了大脑与网络互联、人工智能觉醒、亡灵存活于代码中的世界；1992年出版的科幻小说《雪崩》，颇具预见性命名了Metaverse（元宇宙）——人们通过公共入口连接，就能以虚拟“化身”形象进入其中，开启有别于现实世界的平行人生；2018年上映的电影《头号玩家》，更是被普遍认为呈现了符合人类想象的元宇宙形式，男主角戴上VR头盔就进入另一极其逼真的虚拟游戏世界“绿洲”。
As early as 1971, the Polish science fiction genius Stanislaw & Middot; Lem simulated the entire process of human creation of the meta-cosmos in the Perfect Vacuum; “ Saberbunk's father ” William & Middot; Gibson's Nerves, completed in 1984, painted a world in which the brain is connected to the network, artificial intelligence awakening and the dead survives in code; the science fiction novel Avalanche, published in 1992, with a predictable name for the Metaverse & mdash; & mdash; & mdash; people connected through public entrances, with a virtual & ldquao; incarnation & & rdquo; image entry into which a parallel life separate from the real world; the film Top Player, produced in 2018, which was more commonly regarded as a meta-cosm pattern consistent with human imagination, and the male actor wearing VR head helmet entered another virtual game of the world & ldquo; greener; & o.
复旦大学中文系教授严锋将“人类的虚拟化”看作是“一种不可阻挡的趋势”。毕竟，疫情以来，在线直播、在线教育、远程办公、视频会议等数字生活和工作模式愈发普遍。恰如中国移动通信联合会元宇宙产业委员会执行主任、《元宇宙》作者于佳宁所说，升级迭代到Web3.0的元宇宙并非数字乌托邦，而是将现实和数字相互融合的全新数字世界，我们既可以享受低成本高效率交流，又有身临其境的感觉。其公认的基本特征包括沉浸式体验、虚拟化分身、开放式创造、强社交属性等。
After all, digital life and working patterns, such as live webcasting, online education, teleworking, videoconferencing, etc., have become more common since the outbreak. As the Executive Director of the China Mobile Communications Federation Committee for Woncosin Industries and the author of Woncosmos said in Kaning, upgrading the metaco to Web3.0 is not a digital utopia, but a completely new digital world that integrates reality and numbers, and we can both enjoy low-cost and efficient communication and feel at home.
对于大众来说，元宇宙的推动力不仅仅是技术发展和时代变化，还隐含着戏剧性的、改变人类连接方式的根本变化。“元宇宙第一股”Roblox联合创始人大卫·巴斯祖基举例说，资深用户不仅能在平台上读到关于古罗马的书籍，还可以参观在元宇宙中重建的历史名城，在城里闲逛。再以购物场景为例，从刷淘宝、抖音或小红书“种草”，进化到元宇宙电商形态，意味着线下街区复刻到线上，让用户“走”到不同店铺，在虚拟销售员的帮助下选择商品，现实世界愈发3D化、立体化。随着元宇宙对整个现实社会的模拟程度加强，用区块链技术搭建经济体系后，人们在元宇宙里不仅仅是花钱，也有可能赚钱。
For the general public, the dynamic of the meta-cosm is not only technological development and changes of the times, but also implies dramatic changes in the way in which people connect. & ldquo; First share of the meta-cosmos & rdquo; David & Middot, founder of Roblox; Baszuki, for example, senior users can read books about ancient Rome not only on the platform, but also visit historic cities that have been reconstructed in the meta-cosm, where the real world has become more 3D and more physically integrated. As the meta-coastal simulation of the society as a whole has increased, people have been able to make money in the meta-cosal system, with the use of regional chains of technology.
学界认为，仅从技术层面来研究元宇宙，往往局限在讨论诸如元宇宙与游戏不同点、虚拟现实能够变化的条件等浅层面话题；仅从商业层面，也囿于“非同质化代币”、将道具变成金钱等现实操作；要准确预测元宇宙的爆发潜力，应在技术知识和商业思想之上，辅以人文视角，辩证看待元宇宙如何改变人与人之间的沟通方式。
It is the view of the academic community that studying metacosystems only at the technical level tends to be limited to such shallow topics as metacosystems and games, the conditions under which virtual realities can change; commercial aspects alone and beyond & ldquao; non-consistency monetics & rdquao; and practical operations such as turning props into money. To accurately predict the potential of metacocosystems to erupt, it should be supported by technical knowledge and business ideas, supported by a human perspective, that the metacosystem can change the way in which people communicate.
《元宇宙新经济》一书提醒，在元宇宙的新生活中，分析预测用户行为模式成为重要因素，应设立“首席人文科学责任官”CHO（Chief Humanities Officer）职务。人类在融合区块链、5G、大数据、人工智能、3D引擎等新技术的同时，需重新思考存在和虚无、肉体和精神、自我和宇宙等哲学命题，不断探索有限与无限、秩序与自由、伦理与文明的边界。
The book The New Economy of the Won Universe reminds that, in the new life of the Woncosmos, the analysis of predictive user behaviour patterns becomes an important factor in the creation of “ Chief Human Sciences Officer & & & rdquo; and the position of CHO (Chief Humanities Office). Human beings, while integrating new technologies such as block chains, 5G, big data, artificial intelligence, and 3D engines, need to rethink the philosophical imperatives of existence and nihilism, body and spirit, self and universe, and constantly explore the boundaries of limited and unlimited order and freedom, ethics and civilization.
未来20年“最宏大全球叙事”，元宇宙新经济将是中国领跑的最大机会？
The next 20 years & ldquao; the most ambitious global narrative & rdquao; and the new economy of the Won-Cosmos will be the greatest opportunity for China to lead?
每次技术革命带来的不仅是生活方式的变化，更是产业升级的大机遇，海内外商界敏锐嗅到元宇宙的无限可能性。有分析认为，全球互联网渗透率已达较高水平，VR/AR硬件、人工智能、数字孪生、云计算等关键技术发展迭代，与此同时，移动互联网流量红利见顶、用户渴望新体验、沉浸感、虚拟交互、下一代互联网……这些极具想象力的解释，踩准了当前科技企业痛点，因此元宇宙恰恰承载了下一个增量市场的可能方向。
Each technological revolution presents not only a change in lifestyle, but also a great opportunity for industrial upgrading, and the business community, both within and outside the world, is keenly aware of the limitless possibilities of the meta-cosm. Analysis suggests that global Internet penetration has reached a high level, with key technological developments such as VR/AR hardware, artificial intelligence, digital twin, cloud computing, etc. At the same time, mobile Internet traffic dividends have reached their peak, users yearn for new experiences, immersion, virtual interaction, and the next generation of the Internet & Hellip; & Hellip; these imaginative explanations have stomped on current technological and industrial pain spots, and the meta-cos are thus carrying the likely direction of the next incremental market.
在韩国，经管畅销书《极简元宇宙》上市半年就加印了11次；另一部《元宇宙新经济》也翻译成多个语种，韩国学者李时韩引领读者思考“如何抓住元宇宙新经济时代的无限机遇，快速成为元宇宙原住民”。最近，国内多位学者也纷纷指出——在科技投资趋势中，元宇宙是未来20年最宏大的全球叙事。《元宇宙大投资》作者焦娟形容，元宇宙会成为充满活力与生产力的全球经济活动“新蓄水池”，不仅扩大了人的世界观，也扩展了物理城市的尺寸与增长空间的蓝图，吸引了全球巨头跑步入场。
In South Korea, the best-seller book, The Extremely Jane-Cosmos, has been printed 11 times in the first six months of its existence; another, the New Economy of the Won-Cosmos, has also been translated into several languages, and Korean scholar Lee Shih Han led readers to think & ldquo; how to seize the limitless opportunities of the new economic era of the Won-Cosmos and quickly become the indigenous peoples of the Won-Cosmos & & rdquo; a number of national scholars have recently pointed out that — & mdash; and, in the trend of investment in science and technology, the meta-cos are the most ambitious global narratives for the next 20 years.
在中关村大数据产业联盟秘书长赵国栋看来：未来数字经济中最活跃、最彻底、变化最剧烈的部分，恰恰是元宇宙经济。《元宇宙》三部曲作者易欢欢认为，在未来50年不断进步和完善的“雪道”上，元宇宙新经济将是中国领跑的最大机会。元宇宙需要实现虚拟世界对现实世界的高度模拟互通，就必须依赖庞大的数据运算及存储，算力约束将成为制约未来元宇宙的重要因素。因此，在数字化生存方式下，数据中心将像水电煤一样成为必需品，也会诞生新的“生意赛道”。
According to the Secretary-General of the China-Komura Data Industries Alliance, the most dynamic, thorough, and dynamic part of the future digital economy is precisely that of the Woncosmos. The authors of the three pieces of Woncosmos are happy to believe that the data centres, like hydroelectric coal, will become a necessity over the next 50 years and will be born a new & ldquao; a business track & rdquao;
整体上看，元宇宙将成为承载人类未来生活方式的数字新空间，是人人都会参与的新世界，助力个体摆脱物理世界现实条件的约束，在数字空间中成就更好的自我，实现价值最大化。但也有互联网人士指出，元宇宙不应只是现实世界的翻版，更不能是现实中让人不满的部分的翻版。试想，当人们将虚拟现实、移动通信、人工智能等诸多信息技术热门领域全与元宇宙建立关联时，其热度一再升温，却未能呈现出一条具体路径，难免被质疑是否流于“营销话术”或资本逐利惯性操作？经济学家朱嘉明提醒，媚俗化、庸俗化、功利化，是眼下需警惕的三种认知倾向，“比如，对元宇宙臆想过多，认为其无所不包；或解读过于简单；过早、过急期望元宇宙产生所谓的商业价值等”。在伦理、垄断、算法、隐私、沉迷、知识产权等方面，元宇宙也不同程度存在风险。理性看待新一轮技术革命及其社会影响，或许也是网生态“原住民”们不可或缺的生存素养。
As a whole, the meta-cosmos will become a digital new space for the future lifestyle of mankind, a new world in which everyone will participate, enabling individuals to emerge from the real conditions of the physical world and achieve better self and maximize value in digital space. But there are also Internet users who argue that the meta-cosmos should not be simply a reversion of the real world, much less an undesirable part of the reality. Imagine that, when people associate the various hotspots of information technology, such as virtual reality, mobile communications, artificial intelligence, all with the meta-cosm, the heat rises again and again, for example, it does not present a specific path that would prevent individuals from becoming involved in “ marketing words & & & & & & & & & Qu, the so-called commercial value of the space & & & & & ; ethics, & & & & & Qu & technology, and & & cost & & ; & & & ; & & & ; ; & & & & ; and ; and ; and ; ; and ; and ; ; and ; ; ; & & ; ; ; ; ; ; ; and & ;
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