比特币挖矿什么意思？对比特币有所了解的会经常听到“挖矿”一词，“挖矿”就是比特币产生的方式，具体它产生的原理是怎样的呢?今天我们来了解一下。
What do you mean by bitcoin mining? Bitcoin knows something about &ldquao; dig & rdquao; the word & & ldquao; dig & rdquao; that's how bitcoin is made, and what is the rationale for it? Let's see today.
传统互联网的作用是实现信息的自由流通，而比特币等区块链系统是为了实现价值的自由流通。比特币等虚拟货币类似于现实中的美元、人民币等，为了使区块链系统上资产自由流通，而充当的一般等价物。
The role of the traditional Internet is to achieve the free flow of information, while block-chain systems such as Bitcoin are designed to achieve the free flow of values. Virtual currencies such as bitcoins are similar to the actual dollar, renminbi, etc., and serve as general equivalents for the free flow of assets in block-chain systems.
比特币是怎样挖矿的?
How did Bitcoin dig?
想必大家还记得：比特币是没有中心化发行机构的，那比特币是如何发行的呢?
As you may recall, bitcoin is not a central issuer. How is bitcoin distributed?
而所谓“挖矿”，就是将过去一段时间里尚未经网络确认的交易数据收集、确认，然后打包成一个无法被篡改的交易记录信息块，从而完成一个网络公认的交易记录，并永久保存记录。
& & & ldquo; mining & rdquo; i.e. data collection, confirmation of transactions that have not been confirmed by the network over the past period, and then packaged into an information block of the transaction record that cannot be tampered with, thus completing a network-recognized transaction record and keeping it permanently.
在网络中，大约每10分钟会记录一个数据块，这个数据块就包含过去10分钟内所有的交易数据，由于每个节点都想打包确认这个数据块，所以最后由谁打包是要争抢的。最后确认打包数据块的会得到额外的虚拟货币奖励，这些奖励就是新生成的比特币，这就是比特币的发行过程。
In the network, about every 10 minutes a data block is recorded that contains all the transaction data in the last 10 minutes, and since each node wants to pack to confirm the data block, who is the final person to pack the data block is the competition. Finally, confirmation that the packaged piece will receive additional virtual monetary rewards, which are the newly generated bitcoin, which is the distribution of bitcoin.
挖矿是一个形象的叫法，因为在过程中会产生比特币奖励，它真正的名字是PoW(proof of work)，即工作量证明。这是个经济学概念，它是一种策略，即防止对服务或资源的滥用。工作量证明系统可以看成是两个步骤，一个是工作，另一个是对工作的验证。
Mining is an image called because a bitcoin reward is generated in the process, and its real name is Pow (proof of work), i.e. proof of workload. This is an economic concept, and it is a strategy to prevent the abuse of services or resources. The workload proof system can be seen as two steps, one at work and the other at work.
比特币的数量是有限的，根据比特币供应机制，每个人能够挖到的比特币数量与其挖矿设备的算力占比特币全网算力总和的比例成正比。在早期参与者较少的时候，挖矿非常简单。随着比特币的发展，矿机装备竞赛愈演愈烈，挖掘比特币的难度也越来越大。
The number of bitcoins is limited, and according to the bitcoin supply mechanism, the amount of bitcoins that each person can dig is proportional to the amount of bitcoins that they can calculate as a proportion of their net total. In the early stages, when there are fewer participants, mining is very simple. With the development of bitcoins, the competition for miner equipment has intensified, and it has become more difficult to dig bitcoins.
根据比特币系统的设计，每10分钟可以生产一个交易记录块。最初每生产一个交易记录块，会有50个比特币的奖励，因此最初每天会有7200个比特币产生，但奖励每4年会减半，最终系统中只能有2100万个，直到挖矿奖励完毕。
The bitcoin system is designed to produce a transaction block every 10 minutes. There are 50 bitcoins for each transaction block originally produced, so 7,200 bitcoins per day initially generated, but the reward is halved every four years, and ultimately there are only 21 million in the system until the mining incentive is finished.
比特币PoW的共识机制也有一定缺点，例如网络性能较低，区块共识确认的时间较长，交易速度就会很慢。另外，很多矿机挖矿的竞争导致电力等资源大量的浪费。
BitcoinPoW’s consensus mechanism also has certain shortcomings, such as low network performance, long period of time for block consensus confirmation, and slow pace of transactions. Moreover, competition in many mining machines has led to a huge waste of resources, such as electricity.
为了保证比特币能在没有发行主体的情况下顺利发行，比特币的创始人中本聪为比特币的发行设立了奖励机制;这个奖励机制是这样的：比特币每10分钟左右记账一次，记录比特币网络上的转账。每一次记账都会得到系统的比特币奖励。记账的矿工有很多，那奖励该给谁呢?为了公平起见，就要求每一次记账前，所有参与竞争记账权的矿工，先解答出系统给的一道难题。谁最先找出难题的正确答案，谁就获得了这一次的记账权，也就获得了对应的比特币奖励。
In order to ensure that Bitcoin is distributed smoothly without the main issue, the founder of Bitcoin created an incentive mechanism for Bitcoin to issue bitcoin; this incentive mechanism is as follows: Bitcoin records transfers on the Bitcoin network every 10 minutes or so. Every bookkeeping is rewarded with a systematic bitcoin. There are many miners to account, and who are rewarded with that? In the interests of fairness, all miners involved in the right to account first need to answer a puzzle from the system. Whoever first finds the correct answer to the problem gets the corresponding bitcoin.
寻找难题的答案，这个过程被称为“挖矿”;用来“挖矿”的矿机，这个过程就好比幼儿园老师发糖果：老师每次出一道算术题，谁最快算出正确答案，老师就把糖果给谁;一轮答题结束后，再继续下一轮。
The process is called “ mining & rdquo; & & & rdquao; & & & & & & mine mining & & & mine machine, the process is like sending candy to kindergarten teachers: every time teachers come up with an arithmetic question, the teacher gives the right answer as quickly as possible; after the answer, the next round continues.
当然，你也可以这么理解，在比特币系统里，每一次记账权的获得，都需要解出与之对应的难题。这道难题就像是把需要解开的密码锁，而解锁的钥匙是一个随机的数字。第一个找到正确数字的人，将获得这次记账的权利以及相应的比特币奖励(这个奖励包括：系统的出块奖励和转账用户的手续费奖励)。
Of course, you can also understand that in the Bitcoin system, every time you get rights to bookkeeping, you have to solve the corresponding problems. The dilemma is like locking a password that needs to be unlocked, and the key that unlocks it is a random number. The first person to find the right number will get the right to bookkeeping and the corresponding bitcoin reward (which includes the system's block incentive and transfer user's fee reward).
寻找正确数字的过程就像“挖矿”，得到比特币奖励就像挖矿挖到了黄金;因此，人们寻找正确数字的过程称为挖矿，把比特币称为“数字黄金”。
The search for the right number is like & ldquo; mining & rdquao; receiving a bitcoin reward is like digging up gold; thus, the search for the right number is called mining, calling bitcoin & rdquao; digital gold & rdquao;
为了保证比特币能在没有发行主体的情况下顺利发行，创始人中本聪将比特币的分发设计成给比特币矿工的记账奖励：每一次记账权都由所有的矿工通过竞争挖矿产生，谁先找到正解，谁就能够得到奖励。
In order to ensure the smooth distribution of Bitcoin without the main issuer, Benz of the founder designed the distribution of bitcoin as a billing incentive for bitcoin miners: every time all miners dig through competition, the person who first finds a proper solution gets the reward.
因此，目前以波场TRON为代表的公链采用的则是DPoS(代理权益证明)的共识机制。这种机制就是每位持币用户都有权投票选出代理节点，最后得票最多的节点会承担起生成新区块的责任，目前波场有27个超级节点，这样就大幅降低了区块创建和确认的时间，交易速度会大幅提升，目前波场TRON的处理速度已超过2000每秒，大大超过比特币每秒7笔的处理速度，这样未来的商用就有了无限的可能。同时也避免了竞争挖矿所造成的资源浪费。
As a result, the current public chain, represented by TRON, uses a consensus mechanism, the DPOS (a proxy certificate of interest). The mechanism is that every currency user has the right to vote for the proxy node, and the last most successful node will assume responsibility for generating the new node. The current 27 supernodes in the node significantly reduce the time that blocks are created and confirmed, the speed of the transaction will increase significantly, and the handling of Tron in the node now exceeds 2,000 seconds, and the processing of seven bitcoins per second, so that future commercial transactions have unlimited possibilities.
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