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清華大學“姚班”畢業生、上海樹圖區塊鏈研究院院長龍凡。 Qinghua University's “Yaban” graduate, and the head of the Shanghai Trees and Chain Institute, Yongfan. |
2004年，姚期智辭去美國普林斯頓大學終身教職回國，在清華大學創建了“清華學堂計算機科學實驗班”即“姚班”，致力於信息科技創新和產業發展、信息科技人才培養，為實現高水平科技自立自強、建設教育強國科技強國作出了貢獻。在姚期智眾多成果和貢獻中，樹圖區塊鏈（以下簡稱樹圖）無疑是一個典型代表。多年來，他帶領“姚班”團隊矢志不渝推進區塊鏈科技創新，創建樹圖並將其打造成世界級公鏈。
In 2004, Yao Jianji resigned to the University of Princeton in the United States, where he founded the Qinghua School Computer Science Experiment, known as Yaoban, which is dedicated to the development of information technology and industry, and to the development of information technology, contributing to the achievement of high-level technology self-reliance, and to the development of a strong technological power. In Yao’s many achievements and contributions, the tree chain (hereinafter referred to as the tree map) is a typical representative. Over the years, he has led the Yaoban team to create a world-class chain of science and technology, creating trees and creating a world-class public chain.
樹圖可以追溯到2017年。當年底，“姚班”畢業生、麻省理工學院博士生龍凡回國給“姚班”本科生講授密碼學課程，聚焦區塊鏈的相關原理與技術發展趨勢。一次課后，他與多名“姚班”學生交流區塊鏈領域的科研機會。龍凡提到一篇關於“圖式區塊鏈共識協議”理論的論文，認為攻克計算機系統問題，實現該論文中的理論落地具有重要科研價值。
At the end of the year, Yaoban graduate students, MIT PhD students went back to China to teach Yaoban undergraduate courses in cryptology, focusing on the principles and technological developments associated with the chain. After a lesson, he shared scientific opportunities with several Yaoban students in the area of the chain. Ryufan referred to a paper on the theory of the "Illustrated Zones Agreement for Mutual Understanding" and argued that the theory in that paper was of great scientific value in terms of the fall-out of the computer system.
李辰星是當時參與交流的學生之一。他跟隨姚期智攻讀博士學位，研究方向就是區塊鏈。李辰星隨后深入研讀龍凡提到的那篇論文並作出判斷：該論文的理論設計有缺陷。他的觀點引起龍凡的共鳴，兩人決定一起從理論設計開始，深入研究圖式區塊鏈的共識協議。他們隨后把相關情況向姚期智作了匯報。姚期智非常贊賞並指出，區塊鏈共識協議是當今前沿研究，圖靈獎得主米卡利也在從事這方面研究並取得一些成果。姚期智鼓勵他們在此領域發力，爭取獲得重大突破。
He followed Yao’s Ph.D. degree in the direction of research. He went on to read the paper that Yongfan mentioned and ruled that the theory was flawed. His point of view was that the two people had decided to study the agreement together, starting with the theory design, in an in-depth study of the map chain. They then reported on the situation to Yao’s wisdom. Ya’a’s wisdom very much appreciated and noted that the chain agreement was now a cutting-edge study and that the Turing Award winner, Mikali, had studied and achieved some results in this area. Ya’a’s wisdom encouraged them to lead the field and compete for a major breakthrough.
“姚班”區塊鏈科研團隊隨后組建。團隊根據圖式區塊鏈共識協議“先發散，后收斂”的技術形象特點，把該研究項目命名為Conflux。姚期智不僅大力支持Conflux，而且親自參與隨機圖共識排序算法的理論設計工作。與此同時，龍凡與3名“姚班”學弟一起，設計並發布了一個簡單版本的共識協議，並以此開展高性能圖式區塊鏈的原型系統研發論証。
At the same time, Yongfan, together with three Yaoban students, designed and published a simple version of the agreement to develop a prototype system to develop a high-performance grid.
Conflux成果引起投資人關注，產業化進程啟動。2018年6月，相關產業項目設立，姚期智親自參與項目管理。他強調，堅實的理論基礎是支持項目長期發展的核心並繼續指導圖式區塊鏈共識協議的理論分析設計工作。
In June 2018, the relevant industry project was set up, and Yao Jiji was involved in managing the project. He stressed that a solid theoretical foundation is at the heart of supporting the project’s long-term development and continues to guide the design of the theoretical analysis of the sector-chained consensus agreement.
2018年國慶節期間，Conflux團隊舉行研討會，解決共識協議中的問題。在會議最后階段，龍凡提出了一個破解問題的努力方向。姚期智在聽到相關情況匯報后，指出了龍凡所提方向將遇到的關鍵難點並給予Conflux團隊及時、有力指導。
At the final stage of the conference, Yong Fan set out a course for efforts to solve the problem. After hearing the relevant reports, Yao Ji pointed out the key difficulties that Yong Fan will face in his direction and gave the Conflux team a timely and strong direction.
2018年11月，Conflux團隊完成了第一版圖式區塊鏈共識協議的設計﹔在此4個月后，完成了基於第一版圖式區塊鏈共識協議的安全性分析。之后，Conflux區塊鏈上線第一個測試網。李辰星根據安全性分析過程中的反饋，接連完成了對圖式區塊鏈共識協議兩個版本的修改並使之最終定稿。
In November 2018, the Conflux team completed the design of the first version of the block-chain agreement; four months later, the security analysis based on the first version of the block-chain agreement was completed. After that, the Conflux block-chain was the first network on the line.
Conflux團隊受到上海市政府關注並應邀在該市成立研究機構。由於Conflux共識協議“以樹為骨干，以圖為擴展”形象特點，Conflux中文名稱被定為“樹圖”。2020年1月，上海樹圖區塊鏈研究院正式揭牌。
The Conflux team has received the attention of the Shanghai municipality and has been invited to set up a research facility in the city. As a result of the Conflux consensus agreement on the image of “a tree as a backbone and as an extension”, the Chinese name of Conflux has been designated a “tree map.” In January 2020, the Shanghai Institute of Tree Chains was officially unveiled.
2020年3月，最終版的共識協議被命名為樹圖協議並整合進樹圖區塊鏈系統。之后相關成果以論文形式在一個國際頂級學術會議上發布。根據該論文，樹圖可以在 1.2萬跨大洲節點規模下實現6000TPS的共識吞吐率，是首個在真實網絡環境下突破“雙5000”（5000個節點+5000TPS）的協議。該論文的通信作者是姚期智，合作者包含了8名“姚班”學生與教師。
In March 2020, the final version of the consensus agreement was named a tree map agreement and integrated into the tree chain system. The results were then published in a paper at an international top-level technical conference. According to the paper, the map had the capacity to produce 6,000 TPS in 12,000 cross-continental nodes, the first agreement to break the “double 5000” (5,000 nodes + 5000 TPS) in a real network environment.
2020年10月，樹圖區塊鏈主網正式上線，成為工作量証明共識協議中首個完成從學術同行評審到商業落地的高性能區塊鏈技術。2021年4月，主網上線半年后，鏈上地址數量突破20萬。
In October 2020, the map chain homeline was officially online, and became the first time in a consensus agreement to complete a high-performance section of the chain from a peer-review to a commercial site. In April 2021, six months after the network was online, the number of addresses on the link was over 200,000.
李辰星基於樹圖區塊鏈項目完成博士論文並順利通過答辯。姚期智在其論文評語中寫道：“選題具有重要理論意義與實用價值。”這是對李辰星學術能力的認可，也是對樹圖團隊多年科研成果的肯定。
In his comments, Mr. Yao Xing wrote: "The theme is an important theory and a practical value." This is recognition of Lee's ability to study as an asterisk, as well as recognition of the results of many years of research by the team.
2023年9月，上海樹圖區塊鏈研究院以樹圖區塊鏈系統為基礎，獲批承擔國家重點研發項目《面向“一帶一路”的區塊鏈基礎平台》，把在1萬個跨國節點下不依靠分片建設具有15000TPS的高性能區塊鏈平台。基於該平台，上述項目致力於在跨境物流、跨境結算、跨國文化交流等經貿和文化領域開展跨境合作的示范性應用。當月，基於樹圖協議的湖南省政務鏈項目立項建設。
In September 2023, the Shanghai Trees Chain Institute, based on the tree chain system, was awarded a national priority development project, the “Links-based platform for the “one-way” sector,” which provides a high-performance chain platform with 15,000 TPS at 10,000 cross-country nodes. On the basis of the platform, the project aims to demonstrate cross-border cooperation in trade and cultural domains such as cross-border logistics, cross-border accounting, and cross-country cultural exchange.
2023年12月，一場被稱為“銘文”的市場熱潮席卷全球區塊鏈生態。海量的交易擊垮了眾多區塊鏈系統。在持續一周的時間裡，樹圖區塊鏈系統面對每秒1200萬計算單元的交易負載（相當於最大智能合約平台處理能力的10倍），一直穩定運行，成為千級節點規模以上區塊鏈中表現最優的系統。
In December 2023, a boom in the market called the "Words" swept through a global chain of chains. Volume trading broke down many of the chain systems. During the week, the tree chain system faced a transaction load of 12 million units per second (up to 10 times the capacity of the maximum intelligent platform) and operated steadily, becoming the best-performing system in a chain above a kilometer.
樹圖區塊鏈主網已穩定運行了3年多，成為了一個遍布五大洲、20多個國家、最多時超過4300個節點的全球化區塊鏈網絡，徹底解決了大規模、高延遲的廣域互聯網中的區塊鏈性能問題，累計服務了近2500萬個鏈上地址，處理了1.5億筆真實交易。樹圖實現了與20多條主流區塊鏈的互聯互通，發展了約20萬人的技術社區，通過上百家生態企業間接服務了超過1000個品牌。目前，樹圖正與中國電信合作，將攜手推出全球首個具備區塊鏈賬戶管理功能的手機SIM卡，以此降低區塊鏈技術的使用門檻。此外，樹圖還以香港為窗口，通過生態企業拓展“一帶一路”共建國家的金融服務。
It has been operating steadily for more than three years, becoming a global network of more than 20 countries across five continents and over 4,300 nodes. It has completely solved the problem of chain performance in a large, long-delayed wide area network, with nearly 25 million chain addresses and 150 million real transactions. The map has been able to connect with more than 20 major sector links, developing a technology community of about 200,000 people, and providing more than 1,000 brands through hundreds of creative companies.
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