华夏时报（www.chinatimes.net.cn）记者 赵奕 胡金华 上海报道
Washington Times (www.chinatimes.net.cn) journalist & nbsp; Zhao & nbsp; Hu Jinhua & nbsp; Shanghai coverage & nbsp;
近日，币圈交易所虎符（Hoo）在官网发布公告称，虎符将于8月1日起停止所有交易服务，撤销所有业务状态，用户资产转移至钱包账户，同时推出债币转换方案与合伙人投资方案，并对金融衍生品合约交易做出优化。
Recently, Hoo, a currency exchange, announced on the Web that it would cease all trading services as of 1 August, withdraw all business status, transfer user assets to wallet accounts, introduce a bond conversion programme and partner investment programmes, and optimize financial derivative contract transactions. & nbsp;
对于停止交易服务的原因，虎符交易所在公告中坦言，近期由于市场行情急剧变化，外部多家投资机构、公链、借贷项目与平台相继出现问题，导致虎符的现金流出现缺口。
With regard to the reasons for the suspension of trading services, the Tiger Exchange stated in its bulletin that there had been a shortfall in cash flow due to the recent sharp changes in market behaviour, which had led to problems with external investment institutions, public chains, lending projects and platforms.
记者注意到，近期已有多家交易所宣布暂停服务，各国监管部门也开始收紧对加密货币交易所的审查力度。7月26日，全球最大的加密货币交易所Coinbase（COIN）被曝正面临美国证券交易委员会（SEC）的调查。
Journalists have noted that several exchanges have recently announced a suspension of their services, and national regulators have begun to tighten their scrutiny of encrypted currency exchanges. On July 26, Coinbase (COIN), the world’s largest encrypted currency exchange, was exposed to investigations by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
针对加密交易所面临的困境，北京计算机学会数字经济专委会秘书长王娟向《华夏时报》记者表示，这些加密货币交易所停止服务，要么是出现合规问题，要么是现金流出现了问题。全球多个加密货币交易所接连爆出停服的消息，标志着币圈长期在高风险、高回报支撑下的经营模式受到了来自市场和监管的双重压力。
In response to the dilemmas faced by cryptographic transactions, the Secretary-General of the Beijing Computer Institute's Commission on Digital Economy, Wang Xuan, told the Washington Times journalists that these encrypted currency exchanges were out of service, either because of compliance problems or because of cash flows. The news that multiple encrypted currency exchanges around the world were out of service, marked a long-term, high-risk, high-return-backed business model under double pressure from the market and regulation.
中小型交易所遇流动性难题
Small and medium-sized exchanges encounter liquidity problems & nbsp;
公开资料显示，虎符交易平台成立于2018年，注册地区位于开曼群岛。创始人王瑞锡曾被圈内人称为“首富”。作为一家一站式区块链资产服务平台，虎符平台累计管理资产超过46亿美元(约合人民币310亿元)，用户理财收益累计近7000万美元。创始人王瑞锡曾于2021年向媒体透露,当时虎符的注册用户将近120万,日活跃用户突破5万，其中海外用户占百分之六七十。
According to public sources, the Tiger Trade Platform was established in 2018 and its registered area is in the Cayman Islands. The founder, Wang Racius, was once called “the richest” by the insider. As a one-stop block chain asset service platform, the Tiger Handle has accumulated management assets of more than $4.6 billion (approximately $31 billion) and the user has accumulated revenue of nearly $70 million. Wang Racius, the founder, revealed to the media in 2021 that the registered user of the Tiger was nearly 1.2 million, and that the daily active user was over 50,000, of which 67 per cent were overseas. & nbsp;
根据公告，在8月1日停止交易服务后，虎符将正式开展债币转换方案，将用户在平台既有部分资产通过债币转换，允许用户在创新交易区进行自由交易、等值市场价格直接兑换的方案落地。
According to the announcement, when trading services are discontinued on 1 August, the Tiger will formally launch a debt currency conversion programme, which will allow users to exchange freely and market price equivalents directly in an innovative trading area through the conversion of existing parts of the platform. & nbsp;
公告显示，目前虎符平台已无法支持用户直接提现。为此，该平台推出《债币转换方案》，用户的资产可以转换为两种债权代币HUSDT和IUSD。允许用户在创新交易区进行“自由交易”，等值市场价格直接兑换。
The bulletin indicates that the Tiger Platform is no longer able to support direct cashing by users. To this end, the Platform has launched the Debt Currency Conversion Program, which allows users to convert their assets into two claims, HUSDT and IUSD. Users are allowed to “free trading” in an innovative trading area, and the equivalent market price is exchanged directly. & nbsp;
记者了解到，早在6月19日，虎符交易平台便曾发布公告称，近期由于市场行情波动大，加上业内一些大型机构相继发生被清算、流动性枯竭等问题加剧用户的不安情绪。提现审核时长可能会有24-72小时的延迟，72小时后将逐步恢复至正常水平。
Journalists have learned that as early as 19 June, the Tiger Trading Platform issued an announcement that the recent volatility of the market, coupled with successive liquidations and drying up of mobility in a number of large institutions in the industry, has increased user anxiety. The audit period may be 24-72 hours late, and then return to normal levels in 72 hours.
今年5月，伴随“币圈茅台”LUNA的崩盘，多个中小型虚拟货币交易平台出现流动性问题，而虎符只是其中之一。7月17日，AEX（安银）发布公告称，因配合警方调查，平台于2022 年7月17日15:32（UTC+8）暂停平台相关服务，后续等待警方公告。
In May of this year, several small- and medium-sized virtual currency trading platforms experienced liquidity problems with the collapse of LUNA. On July 17, AEX (Ambane) issued an announcement stating that the platform had been suspended at 2022 for cooperation with the police investigation; on July 17:32 (UTC+8) the platform's services were suspended pending a police announcement; and on July 17:32 (UTC+8) the platform's services were suspended.
而早在今年6月，AEX便出现了流动性危机。AEX在6月发布的公告中表示，因LUNA币爆雷，AEX合计流出各类资产市值总额达4.5亿USDT（约合人民币30亿元），快速消耗了短期流动性资产和部分中期资产。
Earlier this year, AEX experienced a liquidity crisis. AEX issued a communiqué in June stating that, as a result of the LUNA currency explosion, the total market value of the AEX portfolio of assets amounted to 450 million USDT (approximately RMB 3 billion), rapidly consuming short-term liquid assets and some medium-term assets. & nbsp;
此外，6月13日，加密货币借贷平台Celsius也已宣布，因为“极端的市场环境”，暂停提取、账户间转移等业务。
In addition, on 13 June, Celsius, an encrypted money lending platform, announced the suspension of operations such as withdrawals and inter-account transfers because of the “extreme market environment”. & nbsp;
对此，易观分析金融行业高级分析师苏筱芮表示，多个加密货币交易所宣布停止服务是币圈行情持续走弱、市场信心不断缺失的一个典型缩影，使得新进入者望而却步。
In response, Su Na Ri, a senior analyst in the easy-to-read financial sector, said that the announcement of the cessation of services by several encrypted currency exchanges was a typical microcosm of the continued weakening of currency circles and the continuing loss of market confidence, which discouraged new entrants.
Coinbase被立案调查
Coinbase was opened for investigation & nbsp;
在中小型加密货币交易所深陷泥潭的同时，监管部门对交易所的审查力度也逐渐加大。“对于加密行业而言，加密市场走向主流化、合规化、机构化，这是不可逆转的趋势。”中国移动通信联合会元宇宙产业委员会执行主任于佳宁向《华夏时报》记者表示。
While small and medium-sized crypto-currency exchanges are in a deep state, regulatory scrutiny of the exchanges is increasing. “For the encryption industry, the trend towards mainstreaming, compliance and institutionalization of the encryption market is irreversible.” The Executive Director of the China Mobile Communications Federation's Won-Cosmos Committee, in Jia Ning, stated to the Washington Times journalist. & nbsp;
7月26日，全球最大的加密货币交易所Coinbase被曝正面临美国证券交易委员会（SEC）的调查。消息传出后，这家全球最大加密货币交易所股价当天暴跌逾两成，单日市值蒸发31.4亿美元。
On July 26, Coinbase, the world’s largest crypto-currency exchange, was exposed to an investigation by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). After the news, the stock price of the world’s largest crypto-currency exchange fell by more than 20% that day, evaporating $3.14 billion on a single day.
记者了解到，SEC主要调查Coinbase是否以不当方式允许美国人交易本应登记为证券的数字资产。SEC主席根斯勒认为，许多代币拥有证券属性，因此有必要对其进行监管，以便保护投资者的利益。在Coinbase平台上市的其中9种代币其实是属于证券。
Journalists have learned that the SEC is mainly investigating whether Coinbase has improperly allowed Americans to trade digital assets that should have been registered as securities. The SEEC president, Gensler, argued that many of the coins have security attributes and therefore need to be regulated in order to protect investors’ interests. Nine of the tokens listed on the Coinbase platform are actually securities.
无独有偶，据外媒报道称，7月26日，加密货币交易所 Kraken 正在接受美国财政部的调查，因为该公司允许伊朗、古巴和叙利亚的用户买卖数字资产，涉嫌违反美国制裁法，财政部外国资产控制办公室正在处理调查。
Unsurprisingly, according to foreign media reports, on 26 July, an encrypted currency exchange & nbsp; Kraken & nbsp; under investigation by the United States Department of the Treasury, which allows users in Iran, Cuba and Syria to buy and sell digital assets suspected of violating United States sanctions laws, is being processed by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury. & nbsp;
公开资料显示，Kraken 是一家估值 110 亿美元的私人公司，允许用户购买、出售或持有各种加密货币。2021年，因该公司提供了被禁止的交易服务，美国商品期货交易委员会对该公司开出了125万美元的罚单。
According to public sources, Kraken a private company with a value of 110 and billions of dollars, allows users to purchase, sell or hold various encrypted currencies. In 2021, the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission issued a $1.25 million ticket to the company for providing prohibited trading services. & nbsp;
针对美国监管部门近期的一系列动作，独立国际策略研究员陈佳表示，近期币圈曾经引以为傲的中心化交易所普遍产生了严重的兑付风险。尤其是7月份，作为币圈交易基础网络的中心化交易所的兑付风险突然加速升级。应该说，币圈已经出现了系统性的兑付风险，作为一项资产大类其流动性风险已到了一向对币圈交易相对宽松的美国监管部门无法忍耐的地步。
In response to a series of recent moves by US regulators, independent international strategy researchers Chen Jia said that currency circles have recently been proud of a central exchange that has generally created a serious risk of making payments. In particular, in July, the risk of paying at the central exchange, which is the basis of the currency chain’s trading network, has suddenly escalated.
对此，王娟认为，“监管是滞后的，但不代表管不了”。王娟表示，自从拜登签署加密资产法案以来，加密货币整个行业原来引以为傲的无“国法”可管、无“技术”可管，均受到了来自监管层的层层击破。之前多次对稳定币的储备质疑虽然已通过巨额罚款终结，但SEC对于加密货币市场按证券属性的信息披露要求，势必对这一市场巨鲸用户原有的操作模式带来猛烈冲击，进一步的信息披露要求可能给加密数字或市场带来更大的冲击。
In response, Wang Jun argued that “regulation is lagging, but does not mean control.” Wang Jun stated that since Biden signed the Encrypted Assets Act, the entire industry of encrypted currencies, which had previously been proud of its “lawless” and “technology-free” business, has been hit by layers of regulation. While many previous challenges to stable currency reserves have ended with huge fines, SEC disclosure requirements on the encryptized currency market, based on the characteristics of securities, will inevitably have a severe impact on the market's pre-existing operating model for giant whale users, and further disclosure requirements may have a greater impact on encryption numbers or markets. & nbsp;
王娟进一步表示，各国的监管态度在这一年是有很多变化的。加密数字货币整个行业游走在灰色地带已成为金融监管和网络安全共同关注的重要问题，OECD、G20和G7都在寻求建立共同规则，进行合规监管，以保护国家利益和投资者权益。
Wang Jun further states that the regulatory attitude of countries has changed a lot this year. The travel of the entire industry of encrypted digital money in grey areas has become an important issue of common concern for financial regulation and cyber security, and OECD, G20, and G7 are seeking to establish common rules for compliance to protect national interests and investors’ interests.
“在实际运行中，一方面像萨尔瓦多这样的国家，并没有因为比特币而使其经济繁荣，反而让普通民众再次被利益集团疯狂收割。关于比特币的“乌托邦”受到了考验；另一方面，由于加密数字货币市场的最近这一波规模扩张是基于美元稳定币的形成，当美国开始对稳定币利益相关人不断审查监管，底层的风险持续暴露，在美元走强的市场环境下，熊市价格下跌叠加监管政策施压，未来这一市场必将完全纳入监管，随着金融属性的确认，规范化程度要求会不断提升。”王娟表示。
“In practice, countries like El Salvador, on the one hand, do not boom their economies because of bitcoin, but instead allow ordinary people to be caught up in interest groups again. The “Utopia” of Bitcoin has been tested; on the other hand, since the recent wave of expansion of the encrypted digital currency market is based on the formation of a dollar-stabilized currency, when the United States begins to review and regulate its interests, the bottom risks continue to be exposed, and in a strong dollar-based market environment, where bear market prices collapse and regulatory policies pressurize, this market will be fully regulated in the future, and the degree of standardization requirements will increase as financial attributes are recognized.” Wang Yu said.
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