本報記者 昌校宇 見習記者 楊 潔
Reporter, Chang School, see reporter Jan Jie.
“數字人民幣”再次“上榜”。1月4日召開的2021年中國人民銀行工作會議部署了2021年十大重點工作，其中在提升金融服務和管理水平方面，會議要求，“穩妥開展數字人民幣試點測試”。
The “digital renminbi” is again “on the list.” The Chinese People's Bank Working Session of 2021, launched on 4 January, deployed its top ten jobs in 2021, which called for a “stable roll-out of the digital renminbi test” in terms of upgrading financial services and management.
當前，數字人民幣試點測試正在有序推進。據《証券日報》記者不完全梳理，2020年1月份召開的2020年中國人民銀行工作會議中提到，“繼續穩步推進法定數字貨幣研發”。2020年8月14日，商務部發布《商務部關於印發全面深化服務貿易創新發展試點總體方案的通知》，其中在全面深化服務貿易創新發展試點任務、具體舉措及責任分工方面提到，“在京津冀、長三角、粵港澳大灣區及中西部具備條件的試點地區開展數字人民幣試點”“人民銀行制訂政策保障措施﹔先由深圳、成都、蘇州、雄安新區等地及未來冬奧場景相關部門協助推進，后續視情擴大到其他地區”。緊接著，2020年10月份，深圳市人民政府聯合人民銀行開展了數字人民幣紅包試點。2020年12月份，數字人民幣紅包在蘇州啟動試點。2021年1月5日，上海長寧官方微信公眾號發布消息，數字人民幣在上海同仁醫院開展試點測試。
On August 14, 2020, the Ministry of Commerce issued a circular on the Ministry of Commerce's programme to publish a comprehensive and intensive programme for new development sites, which, in the context of the comprehensive deepening of services and the creation of new development opportunities, and the development of physical initiatives and a division of responsibilities, referred to “the opening of digital banking standards in Kyuzin, the Long Triangle, the Grand Bay of Hong Kong and the Middle and Western parts of China” as “the opening of digital currency test sites” and “the opening of a policy safeguard for the People's Bank”, which began with the launch of the People's Democratic People's Bank in October 2020, and the launch of the People's Democratic People's World Bank's Bulletin, which was launched in October 2020, and the launch of the People's World Bank's Bulletin for the month of December 2020, which was launched by the United People's National People's Bank, the People's Bulletin for the month of July 21, and the People's Bulletin for the month of September 21, which was launched by the People's World Bank.
中航証券首席經濟學家董忠雲對《証券日報》記者表示，進行數字人民幣試點測試，在培養居民數字人民幣使用習慣的同時，通過發送數字人民幣紅包的形式，也為疫情期間刺激消費、拉動內需發揮了積極作用，為政府促消費提供了新的實踐手段。預計今年數字人民幣試點將在更大范圍內鋪開，涵蓋更多的消費支付場景，同時，在擴大內需的政策方向下，數字人民幣紅包有望進一步發揮作用，成為各地促進消費的重要手段之一。
Tung Jun, the chief economicist in China, said to the Reporter of the Voucher Daily that a digital currency test would be conducted, and that, at the same time that the popular currency is used for the development of the population's digital currency, it would also provide a positive incentive to consume during the epidemic and to boost internal demand, providing a new tool for the government to use it. It is expected that this year's digital currency test will be opened in a larger context, covering more consumption-paying sites, and that, in the same time, under the policy direction of expanding internal demand, it is expected that the digital renminbi will become one of the most important tools for generating local consumption.
“不過，作為公眾使用的貨幣，數字人民幣的全面鋪開不僅需要存在有關特殊人群接納和使用問題，還需要面對數字人民幣的國際結算問題，以及量子計算等超級算力可能帶來的密匙安全問題。”南開大學金融發展研究院院長田利輝向《証券日報》記者分析道。
“As a public currency, however, the full opening of the renminbi requires not only problems relating to the acceptance and use of specific groups, but also the international accounting of the yuan, as well as the potential key security problems associated with such super-measurement as quantum calculations.” The Director of the Institute of Financial Development Studies of the University of South China analysed it to Reporters of the Certificate Daily.
談及推出數字人民幣將會帶來哪些改變？董忠雲表示，目前央行對數字人民幣的定位是對傳統人民幣的數字化替代，也就是對M0的替代，而不是替代M1、M2（銀行存款），而目前支付寶、微信是使用商業銀行存款貨幣進行支付。由於微信、支付寶等在線支付手段的普及，目前居民使用傳統人民幣支付的場景已經很少了，數字人民幣大幅提升了使用“現金”的便捷程度，但與現有的線上支付手段相比並未帶來質的改變，因此預計數字人民幣現階段主要是對居民支付手段的補充，而並不會大范圍替代現有的移動支付工具。
The central bank’s current positioning of the renminbi is a digital replacement for traditional renminbis, i.e. M0 instead of M1, M2 (bank deposits), and the current payment treasure, micro-credit, is a payment using commercial bank deposits. With the spread of online payments such as micro-letters, payment bonds, etc., residents’ use of traditional renminbis is now rare, and the number of renminbis has dramatically increased the ease with which they use “cash” but has not changed in any way compared to the existing means of on-line payments.
“與傳統人民幣相比，發行數字人民幣將有效降低現金發行、流通的成本，同時能夠實時採集貨幣創造、計賬、流動等數據，這使得政府能夠通過大數據等技術手段對現金流通進行深入分析，有利於提高政府對宏觀經濟動態的及時掌握，能夠為貨幣政策制定和經濟調控提供有益的參考。”董忠雲表示。
“The issuing of digital renminbi will effectively reduce the costs of cash development and circulation compared to the traditional renminbi, and will enable the timely adoption of aggregate currency creation, accounting, movement etc., which will enable the government to conduct an in-depth analysis of the flow of cash through technical means such as big data, which will be beneficial to the government in improving its timely management of the dynamics of the economy, and will provide useful references for currency policy formulation and economic regulation.” Dong Chong Yun states.
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