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1．从结构分析对应逻辑
1. Reciprocal logic from structural analysis
2．时间顺序与前因后果
2. Chronology and proximate causes
3．一字不差的2020年国考原选项
3. A word-in-the-word original 2020 national examination option
4．首先要想到「交叉关系」
4. The first thing to think about is "crossing."
5．插入新的元素来理解逻辑
5. Insert new elements to understand logic
6．「1和2都是3」的深入逻辑
The deep logic of "one and two" is three.
7．难点不在「类比推理」本身
The difficulty is not the analogy itself.
8．通过认真分析来「二选一」
"Alternative" through careful analysis.
9．思考下初中的物理常识
Think about the physics of junior high school.
10．具体品类和「属于一部分」的区别
10. Distinction between specific categories and "part of"
11．非常「拧巴」的干扰项
Very "cracking" interference.
12．从多方面综合考虑含义
12. A multi-faceted combination of implications
【2021国考地市级卷91题】
易拉罐︰拉环
（A）金库∶黄金
（B）燃气灶∶点火器
（C）台历∶农历
（D）拦水坝∶河流
{\bord0\shad0\alphaH3D}Darling a dam. ]
易拉罐︰拉环
（A）金库︰黄金
（B）燃气灶︰点火器
（C）台历︰农历
（D）拦水坝︰河流
Ira cans. Ring 正确率91%，易错项—— 91% correct, easily mistaken -- 分析题干，不难发现「拉环」是「易拉罐」的一部分，且人需要通过「拉开拉环」来「开启易拉罐」。根据这一逻辑代入选项： The analysis is focused on finding that the zipper is part of the zipper, and that people need to "open the zipper" by pulling the zipper. A「金库︰黄金」 A "treasuries..gold" 黄金是金库的一部分，但不能用来开启金库，而是金库的内容物，显然与题干逻辑不同，排除。 Gold is part of the vault, but it cannot be used to open it, but the contents of the vault are clearly different from the logic of the subject, excluding it. 如果把「黄金」换成「金库钥匙」，或者把「拉环」换成「饮料」，那么两者的前后逻辑就比较接近了。 If the word "gold" is replaced by the word "bank key" or the word "drink" is replaced by the word "drink", then the logic of the two is closer. B「燃气灶︰点火器」 B "Fire stoves... light firearms" 点火器是燃气灶的一部分，且人需要通过点火器来启动燃气灶，和题干「拉环」∶「易拉罐」的逻辑关系较为近似，保留。 Firelights are part of the gas stove, and people need to use them to activate the gas stove, and the logical relationship between the "ring" and "la can" is more similar and retains. C「台历︰农历」 C "Daily calendar.. >/strong. > 日历从使用方法上可分为台历、挂历等，从历法上可分为农历、公历等，两者勉强只能算交叉关系，和题干逻辑完全不同，排除。 The calendar can be divided into calendars, calendars, etc., and calendars, calendars, calendars, etc., which can barely be counted as cross-references, and the logic of the subject matter is completely different and excluded. D「拦水坝︰河流」 ♪ Stop the dam, stop the river ♪ ♪ stop the river ♪ ♪ stop the dam ♪ ♪ stop the dam ♪ ♪ stop the river ♪ ♪ stop the river ♪ ♪ ♪ stop the dam ♪ ♪ stop the river ♪ ♪ ♪ stop the river ♪ ♪ ♪ stop the river ♪ ♪ ♪ stop the river ♪ ♪ 拦水坝的作用是拦截河流，且河流也不是拦水坝的一部分，明显和题干逻辑不同，排除。 The effect of stopping a dam is to stop a river, which is not part of a dam; it is clearly different from the logic of the subject matter and excludes it. 注意本题B选项是正确答案，同时在某种程度上来说，B选项和题干的逻辑关系并不近似，之所以正确，主要是因为ACD和题干更不像。 Note that option B of this question is the correct answer and that, to some extent, the logical relationship between option B and the subject matter is not similar, mainly because the ACD and the subject matter are less so. B选项和题干逻辑不像的点在于物体的结构。不难发现，易拉罐本身可明显分为罐体和饮料两部分，而拉环是罐体的组成部分；而燃气灶中的开关虽然是燃气灶的组成部分，但所点燃的「气」是通过管道输送的，不是燃气灶自身的组成部分，所以和题干还是有所区别。如果选项中有诸如「罐头︰瓶盖」或「喷雾器︰喷嘴」的选择，那它就比B选项更合适。 The point of option B and the logic of the subject matter are different from the structure of the object. It is easy to find that the flask itself can be clearly divided into tanks and drinks, and the zipper is part of the tank; while the switch in the gas stove is part of the gas stove, the “gas” that is ignited is transported through the pipeline, not part of the gas stove itself, so the subject is different from the subject matter. If there is an option such as “cans, bottle caps, sprayer, nozzle”, it is more appropriate than option B. 【2021国考地市级卷92题／省级卷97题】 2021 City Vol. 92/Provincial Vol. 97) 船舶抛锚∶请求救援 Ship anchoring for rescue of 正确率83%，易错项—— 83% correct, easily mistaken -- 「因为船舶抛锚，所以请求救援」，一眼可看出看出题干具有「因果」逻辑关系，即「因为前者出现了某种（负面）状况，所以后者采取了针对性的措施」，带有时间顺序。根据这一逻辑分析选项： "Approach for rescue because the ship has broken down" shows at first glance that the subject has a "causal" logic, that is, "the former has taken targeted measures because of a certain (negative) situation," with a chronological sequence. Based on this logical analysis option: A「安全着陆︰平稳飞行」 A "safe landing, steady flight" A明显错误，飞机先平稳飞行才能安全着落，时间顺序不一致，直接排除。 A was a clear error, and the aircraft was able to fly safely before landing, with inconsistent chronology and direct exclusion. 如果强行理解「安全着陆之后也可以平稳飞行」，那两者也不存在因果关系，飞机安全着陆后必须有检查、维修、加油等一系列程序后才能飞行，据此亦可排除A。 There is no causal link between the forced understanding that "a safe landing can be followed by a steady flight" and that a safe landing requires a series of procedures, such as inspection, maintenance, refuelling etc., before an aircraft can fly, thus excluding A. B「行政复议︰获得赔偿」 B选项前后似乎有时间顺序和因果关系，但仔细分析后不难发现两者并没有因果关系，原因是行政复议的结果有多种，复议失败后自然没有赔偿，而即使复议成功，其结果也不一定是获得赔偿。 While there appears to be a chronological sequence and causality around option B, a careful analysis does not make it difficult to find that there is no causal link between the two because of the multiple outcomes of the administrative review, the failure of which naturally results in no compensation, and even if the review is successful, it does not necessarily result in compensation. 另外，B选项中两个词的结构也和题干不同。「船舶抛锚∶请求救援」中，前者船舶的抛锚是一个已发生的负面事件，而请求救援是船舶负责人针对这个负面事件所采取的行为；而「行政复议∶获得赔偿」则恰好相反，「获得赔偿」是一个已发生的事件，而「（行政相对人申请）行政复议」则是「行政相对人」的行为，据此可排除B。 Moreover, the structure of the two words in option B is different. In the case of ship anchoring requests for rescue, the former is a negative incident that has occurred, whereas the request for rescue is an action taken by the ship's head in response to the negative incident; and, on the contrary, “administrative review” is an event that has already occurred, while “administrative review” is an act of an “administrative counterpart” that excludes B. 以B选项为模版考虑，较为贴合题干逻辑的表述大致为「对行政机关的行为不满意︰申请行政复议」。 Considering option B as a template, the more pertinent logical formulation is to say , “not satisfied with the actions of the executive branch... apply for administrative review. C「卖出高粱︰买入白酒」 C "Sell the sorghum and buy the white wine" C选项前后毫无时间顺序和因果逻辑，直接排除。 Option C is excluded directly, without any chronological sequence and causal logic. D「违规销售︰停业整顿」 D D选项中，「违规销售」是已发生的负面事件，「（被相关部门处罚，要求）停业整顿」是针对这个负面事件采取的行为，两者存在因果逻辑，且有时间顺序，是最贴近题干逻辑的选项，正确。 In option D, "off-limit sales" is a negative event that has occurred, and "the closure (required by the relevant authorities) is a response to the negative event, both of which have a causal logic and are time-seriesd, the most closely related logical option, is correct. 注意在解析B选项时不要脑补，行政复议的结果不是必然成功，成功了不是必然有赔偿，前后两者是没有因果逻辑的。 Be careful that option B is not interpreted in such a way that the outcome of the administrative review is not necessarily successful, that there is not necessarily compensation for success, and that there is no causal logic between the two. 【2021国考地市级卷93题】 {\bord0\shad0\alphaH3D}The sun and the wind {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FF00} {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FF00} {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FF00} {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FFFF00} {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FF00}} {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FF00} {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FFFF00} {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FF00} {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FF00}. 春山暖日和风︰阑干楼阁帘栊 Hot springs and wind......and......................................................................................................... strong.............................................................................................................................................. 正确率50%，易错项A 分析题干，不难发现「春山暖日和风：阑干楼阁帘栊」是纯粹的事物描写，且上下两部分都带有多个（3个）事物。 The analysis is focused on finding that "Spring Mountain Warms and Winds: Drying the House Curtains" is a pure description of things, with multiple (three) things on both sides. 进一步分析，可发现「春山、暖日、和风」三者是完全独立的，相互之间没有附属或衬托关系；同样「阑干（栏杆）、楼阁、帘栊」三者也是独立的。根据「存在多个独立的事物」分析选项： Further analysis shows that the “Spring Mountain, Warm Day, and Wind” are completely independent, with no affiliation or lineage between them; the same is true of the “strikes” and the “brows and curtains” as well. The analysis options are based on the “existence of multiple separate things”: A「绿蚁新醅酒︰红泥小火炉」 A A这句话的含义为「新酿的米酒，色绿香浓；小小的红泥火炉，烧得殷红」。即「绿蚁新醅酒」和「红泥小火炉」各自指代一种食物，「绿蚁」可不是「绿色的蚂蚁」，而是「酒面泛起微小的酒渣和泡沫，看着像绿色的蚂蚁在活动一样」；「红泥」指的是小火炉的制作材质，不是独立的事物。 The word "A" means "newly made rice wine, green fragrants, small red masonry furnaces, burning red." The term "green Xanax" and "red mud furnaces" refer to a food, and the term "green ants" means not "green ants", but "drinks and foams with tiny bottles of wine that look like green ants in action" ; the term "red mud" refers to the material made in small furnaces and is not a stand-alone thing. 本题如果误选A是非常不应该的，不仅仅是因为理解难度并不大，还因为A选项是2020国考的原题，一字不差： The mischoice of this question is highly undesirable, not only because understanding is not so difficult, but also because the 【2020国考省级卷17题】白居易有诗云：“绿蚁新醅酒，红泥小火炉。晚来天欲雪，能饮一杯无？”下列与该诗相关的说法正确的是： 17th Report of the State Examination, 2020: "The new ants' wine, the little red mud furnace. Can you drink a drink without snow at night?" The following is relevant to the poem: 本题正确选项为B，正确率73%，难度较低。这道2020国考题题干中的「绿蚁新醅酒，红泥小火炉」和正在解析的A选项完全相同，且考到了「绿蚁」「醅酒」两个知识点，也就是说，只要认真复习了2020国考行测的内容，那么做2021国考时，就一定不会误选A「绿蚁新醅酒，红泥小火炉」这一选项。 The correct option is B, the correct rate is 73%, and it's less difficult. This is the same as option A for the 2020 national test, "New Green Ants, Little Red Mud Fire" and is being solved, and two points of knowledge for "Green Ants", which means that strong will not miss the option A "New Green Ants, Little Red Mud Fire" if it is carefully reviewed for the 2020 national test. 对于考生来说，最重要的复习资料就是历年的公考真题，但很多人显然没有做到这一点，在遇到一模一样的文字时还是误以为「绿蚁」和「酒」是两种无关的事物，「红泥」和「小火炉」也是两种无关的事物——这种错误可万万犯不得。 For the candidates, the most important review material is the public examination of the past years, but it is obvious that many people have failed to do so, mistakenly thinking that "green ants" and "drink" are two separate things when they have the exact same text, and that "red mud" and "small stove" are two separate things — mistakes that can never be made. B「鸡声茅店月︰人迹板桥霜」 B > > > > B选项中，前半部分「鸡声、茅店、月」是三个独立的事物，没有附属或衬托关系；后半部分「人迹、板桥、霜」有一点疑问，因为这句诗既可以解读为「行人足迹」「板桥」「霜」3个完全不同的事物，也似乎可以解读为「行人的足迹在板桥的霜痕中（凸显出来）」，将其凝结为一体，那么，哪种解读是正确的呢？答案是前一种。 In option B, the first part of the term "root sound, poo shop, month" is three separate things, with no affiliation or line-up; the second part of the term "human footprints, slabbridges, frost" is somewhat questionable, as it can be read both as "walkers' footprints" and "frozen" three completely different things, and as it seems to be read as "walkers' footprints are in the fracks of the slabbridge" and are condensed together, so which interpretation is correct? The answer is the first. B选项后半部分解读的要点就在于前半部分。「鸡声」对「人迹」，泛指动物（家禽）和人（在早晨）的活动；「茅店」对「板桥」，泛指小村落的代表性建筑；「月」对「霜」，泛指寒冷早上的环境，这两句诗综合起来的语境有身临其境之感，是非常经典的名句。 The second half of option B is read in the first half. "Kickings" refers to "humans" in general to animals (fowls) and people's (in the morning); "Poo shop" refers to "paking bridges" in general to small village representative buildings; and "Month" refers to "frozen" in general to cold morning environments. 不知大家看到题干和B选项后有没有想到另外一首特别经典的作品呢？没错，就是元代马致远的《天净沙·秋思》： I don't know if anyone thought of another special classic after seeing the subject and option B. That's right. 枯藤老树昏鸦， "Strange", "Strange", "Strange", "Strange", "Stung" and "Stung", "Stung" and "Stung", "Stander" and "Stuck" and "Stung" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" and "Stuck" 《天净沙·秋思》是「多独立事物密集出现」这种表达方式的最经典作品，知名度极高，各位小伙伴可以将三者结合起来共同学习。 The Tsing Sha Tsi is one of the most classic expressions of "independentness" and is extremely well known, so that small partners can learn from one another. C「江碧鸟逾白︰山青花欲燃」 C C也存在多个事物，但相互之间并不是独立的，有着明显的衬托关系。 There are also many things in C, but they are not independent of each other and have a clear lineage. 「江碧鸟逾白，山青花欲燃」的含义大致为「碧绿的江水把鸟儿映衬得更加洁白，青翠的大山衬托着山上盛开的野花好像要燃烧起来一样」。这句诗的鸟在江上，花在山中，有一个明显的「用环境衬托生物的」关系，和题干的逻辑并不一致，排除。 The meaning of the word "beebirds are whiter than white, and the mountains are burning" is more or less "the green water is making the birds more white, and the green mountains seem to be setting fire to the wild flowers that bloom in the mountains." The poetic birds are on the river, spend in the mountains, and there is a clear "environmentally lined living" relationship, which is not consistent with the logic of the subject, and excludes it. 有一句诗的也用了C选项中「衬托」这一文学表现手法，但知名度更高，这就是唐代王籍《入若耶溪》中的「蝉噪林逾静，鸟鸣山更幽」，和C选项不同的是，这句诗在用生物衬托环境。有兴趣的小伙伴可以结合起来共同学习。 One of the poems also uses the literary expression "lined" in option C, but it has a higher profile, namely, the "silent forest overflowing in Joye Creek" of the Tang dynasty, which, unlike option C, is a poem that is biologically lined up to the environment. Interested small partners can learn together. D「柴门闻犬吠︰风雪夜归人」 D > D和题干的逻辑明显不同，前半句有「闻（听到）犬吠」这个动作，后半句隐藏了「（看到了）风雪中夜里归来的主人」这个动作，有时间顺序和动作描写，不是独立的多个事物，排除。 There is a clear difference between D and the logic of the subject matter. The first part of the sentence consists of the action of "smearing (heard) dogs barking" and the second part conceals the action of "seen) the owner returning from the night in the snow" and describes it in chronological order and motion, not in a stand-alone multiplicity of things, excluding it. 综合考虑本题B选项最符合要求，应选。 Consideration of option B of this question in a consolidated manner best meets the requirements and should be selected. 这道题考察角度相当刁钻。 The question of D选项并不是「犬吠柴门月，人迹风雪夜」，因此其动作和逻辑关系要纳入解析的考虑中。 Option D is not a "dog barking, snow and snow " month, so its movement and logic are to be taken into account in the analysis. 【2021国考地市级卷94题／省级卷99题】 2021 City Vol. 94/Provincial Vol. 99) 立体化战争︰数字化战争 Stereo-war. Digital war 正确率60%，易错项AB 60% correct, easily misdirected AB 题干前后部分都是「XX化战争」这种结构，对于这种结构，一定要注意两者是否为「交叉关系」，原因很简单： For the structure of the XX War, which is part of the discussion, it is important to note whether the two are “cross-cutting” for the simple reason that: 同类的结构，要么互不包容、要么一者被另一者包含，要么交叉。而完全无关的「互不相容」和纯粹的「包含关系」太简单了，所以考查「交叉关系」的可能性非常高。 The structure of the same kind is either not inclusive of each other, or one is covered by another, or crosses. The irrelevant "compatibility" and the purely "inclusion" are too simple, so the possibility of examining "crossing" is very high. 分析题干可发现「立体化战争」描述的是战争的立体程度，而「数字化战争」则是战争的一种形式，两者为「交叉关系」。 An analysis of the subject points to the extent to which the "stereotyped war" describes the extent of the war, while the "digitized war" is a form of war, and the two are "crossings". 举例来说，在计算机普及前就有海陆空联动的战争，这就是不涉及数字化战争的「立体化战争」；同样，纯粹在计算机网络上进行的信息战也和「立体化战争」毫无关系。而既有海陆空不同军种的对抗，又有诸如黑客入侵、电子干扰与反干扰等要素的战争就是两者交叉的部分。 For example, before computer penetration, there was a war between air, sea, and land, that is, a war of "stereotyped" that did not involve a digital war; likewise, a purely computer-based war of information has nothing to do with a war of "stereotyped". Wars involving different types of military forces, on land, and on land, and against elements such as hacking, electronic interference, and counter-interference are the intersections between the two. 根据「交叉关系」分析选项： According to the "cross-relationship" analysis option: A「民主型管理︰专制型管理」 「民主」和「专制」相对，民主型的管理必不可能专制，专制型的管理必不可能民主，两者为「互不相容」关系，和题干逻辑不同，排除。 “Democracy” and “authoritarianism”, which are “incompatible” relationships with different logics, precludes authoritarian governance. 大家注意不要把「专制」和「集中」弄混了。「民主集中制」党的根本组织制度和领导制度，其中「民主」「集中」二者是包含关系，即有集中的民主，也有不集中的民主；有不民主的集中，也有民主的集中。 「民主集中制」是在长期实践中提炼出来的兼具二者优点的制度。 Attention should be drawn to the confusion between "authoritarian" and "centralized" systems of organization and leadership of the Democratic Centralism Party, of which "centralized" is a relationship between centralized and non-centralized democracy, as well as between undemocratic and democratic concentration. The "centralized democracy" is a system developed in long-term practice that combines both advantages. B「防风林︰观赏树木」 B > > > > > > >. >. B选项有一定迷惑性，很多考生在思考「防风林」的树种和「观赏树木」有没有交叉之处，但这个选项本质上逻辑就和题干不同。 Option B is somewhat confusing, and many of the candidates are thinking about whether there is a intersection between the wind-proof forest species and the viewing trees, but this option is fundamentally different in logic from the subject matter. 不难发现，「防风林」的结构是「XX用途的森林」，而「观赏树木」的结构为「XX类别的树木」，两者的结构是有区别的，「森林」和「树木」不同，因此直接排除即可。 It is not difficult to find that the structure of wind-proof forests is XX for use, while the structure of “watching trees” is XX for type XX trees, the structure of which is different from that of “forests” and “trees”, so that it is simply excluded. 事实上构成「防风林」的树种和「观赏树木」的树种的确有交叉之处，如果B选项改为「防风植物∶观赏植物」就与题干逻辑一致了。 Indeed, there is a intersection between the species that make up the wind-proof forest and the tree-watching tree, and if option B is changed to "wind-protective plant-watching plant" it is logical. C「有氧运动︰医疗瘦身」 C "Aerobic Movement. Medical Thinness" 「有氧运动」是一种运动方式，「医疗瘦身」是一种瘦身方式，运动和瘦身显然不是一类事物，结构逻辑和题干不一致，排除。 "Aerobic motion" is a form of exercise, "medical thinness" is a way of thinning, sports and thinness are clearly not a category of things, structural logic and subject matter are inconsistent and excluded. D「绩效奖励︰物质奖励」 D "Performance reward. Material reward." D选项「绩效奖励」的「绩效」是奖励的原因，而「物质奖励」的「物质」则是奖励的方式，两者为交叉关系，和题干逻辑一致，正确。 "Performance" for option D "performance reward" is the reason for the reward, while "material" for "material reward" is the way in which the reward is given, which is a cross-linkage, and the logic of the subject is correct. 显然「物质奖励」不一定和「绩效」有关，还有「过节发福利」等其他方式；但有的小伙伴可能没有仔细分析该选项，误认为「物质奖励」是「绩效奖励」的一种，将其理解成了「包容关系」，事实上并非如此。 It is clear that “material rewards” do not necessarily relate to `performance' and that there are other ways of `saving benefits'; but there may be small partners who have not carefully analysed this option and mistakenly view `material rewards' as a `performance reward' that is understood as an `inclusive relationship', which is not. 「绩效奖励」一般来说以「物质奖励」为主，比如年终奖XX个月的工作、发放公司股票、代金券等，但它也不止「物质奖励」一种形式，还包括其他方面。例如奖励XX天年休假、开会表彰、将绩效突出者提拔为公司中高层领导等。上述奖励当然不属于「物质奖励」，也当然属于「绩效奖励」的一种，由此可以判定二者为交叉关系。 “Performance awards” are generally based on “material rewards” such as year-end awards for work for XX months, the issuance of corporate shares, vouchers, etc., but they are not merely a form of “material incentives” but also include other aspects. For example, incentives for XX-day vacations, conferences, promotion of outstanding performers to top-level leadership in the company. 综合考虑，本题D选项最符合题干逻辑，应选。 Taken together, option D of this question is the most logical subject matter and should be chosen. 本题大部分词语大家都很熟悉，但可能由于没有掌握个别词语的准确范围，导致错误率较高。 Most of the words on this subject are familiar to everyone, but it may be that the absence of an exact range of individual words leads to a higher rate of error. 题干：无论陆、海军、空军哪个军种，其相互间的战斗都可能和「数字化」有关，也可能无关，例如在有些不太发达的小国的战争，双方士兵的文盲率都快赶上发达国家的非文盲率了，根本不会操作数字化武器，那我们就不能强行认为战争中带有「数字化」成分。 Question: Whatever type of army, land, navy or air force, the battle between them may or may not be related to "digitization", as in the case of wars in small, less developed countries, where the illiteracy rate of soldiers on both sides is catching up with the non-literate rate in the developed world, and where no digital weapons can be used at all, we cannot force that war has a "digitized" component. A选项：「民主」这个词的含义就是和「专制」相对的，无论考虑还是不考虑词语的褒贬因素，二者都是根本互斥的关系。 Option A, “democracy”, which means “authoritarianism”, is fundamentally mutually reinforcing, whether it takes into account or does not take into account the pejorative elements of the term. B选项：「防风林」的本质是「林」而不是「树」，我们只能说「XX树是优秀的防风林树种」，但不能指着一棵单独的树说「这是XX防风林」，所以逻辑和主干不同。 Option B, the nature of wind forest is "forest" rather than "tree", and we can only say "tree XX is an excellent forest tree", but not a single tree, "this is wind forest XX", so logic is different from the backbone. D选项：一提到「绩效奖励」，很多人都会下意识地去想「奖励了多少钱」，从而潜意识里认为「绩效奖励只有物质奖励这一种形式」，但实际并非如此，仔细思考后就能确定两者为交叉关系。 Option D: When it comes to “performance rewards”, many people consciously think about “how much money has been rewarded”, thus subconsciously thinking that “performance rewards take the form of only material rewards”, but this is not the case, and it is determined that the two are cross-cutting. 因此，准确掌握词语的涵盖范围是非常重要的，很多错题就是在平时不注意的小细节中产生的。 有的词人人都非常熟悉，但不代表能准确掌握词语的涵盖范围。 Some words are very familiar to everyone, but they do not represent an accurate picture of the scope of the term. 【2021国考地市级卷95题】 {\bord0\shad0\alphaH3D}Black kites, knives, mackerel, mud, clay, paint, embroidered needles, embroidered wire 风筝︰篾刀︰竹条 kites, knives, bamboo 正确率89%，易错项—— 80% correct, easily mistaken -- 题干由3个部分组成，分析后可发现第1部分「风筝」和第2部分「篾刀」似乎没有什么联系，但结合第3部分「竹条」可大致推出如下逻辑： The subject is composed of three parts, the analysis of which shows that there seems to be little connection between Part 1 " kite " and Part 2 " knife ", but in the context of Part 3 " bamboo bars " the following logic can be broadly introduced: 风筝的骨架是竹条，而竹条骨架是由篾刀加工而成 The skeleton of a kite is bamboo, which is processed from a knife to a strong. 因此在解析这道题时，可尝试在每个选项第1、2部分之中插入类似「骨架（存在于主体表面，且没有全部覆盖）」的词，分析是否与题干逻辑一致。 Therefore, in dissecting this question, an attempt could be made to insert in each option, in parts 1 and 2, a phrase similar to "the skeleton (which exists on the surface of the body and which does not cover all)" and to analyse whether it is in line with the logic of the subject. 根据「风筝的骨架=篾刀加工的竹条」这一逻辑分析： According to the logical analysis of "the skull of kite = bamboo processed with a knife": A「泥塑︰黏土︰颜料」 A's "plastic, clay, paint" 黏土显然不是由颜料加工而成，且黏土直接加工成了泥塑而不是类似「骨架」的事物，逻辑和题干不同，排除。 It is clear that clay is not made of pigments, and that clay is directly processed into muds and not something like "bones", which is different in logic and subject matter, excluding it. B「绣品︰绣针︰绣线」 B's embroidery, embroidery needles, embroidery wires >/strang' 一件完整的绣品有两个部分，一是作为「背景」的纯色（白色、红色较多）布料，二是使用绣线刺绣出的图案。可发现「背景布料」和「绣线」的关系与「风筝」和「竹签」的（骨架）关系有类似之处，都是「附着在较宽大表面的较细的事物」，保留。 A complete piece of embroidery has two parts, one as a pure colour (white and more red) fabric for the "background" and the other as a pattern made from the embroidery line. A similar relationship between the "background fabric" and the "meatline" can be found with the "delete" and "bones" for the "bones" and "bones" for the larger surfaces, both of which are "skinned to the finer things attached to the wider surface" and retained. 进一步分析，可发现绣针是将绣线加工成具体图案的工具，和题干逻辑近似，可以保留。 Further analysis reveals that embroidery needles are tools for processing embroidery lines into specific patterns, and the logic of subject matter is similar and can be retained. C「糖人︰蔗糖︰竹签」 C > > > > >. > >. > >. 糖人的「骨架」是竹签，但蔗糖显然不是加工竹签的工具，因此可判定C选项逻辑和题干不同，排除。 The "bones" of the sugar people are bamboo seals, but the sugar is clearly not a tool for processing bamboo seals, so the logic and subject matter of option C can be judged to be different and excluded. D「漆器︰描金︰涂料」 D "painter, paint, paint" D选项显然错误，漆器和涂料构不成类似「风筝」与「竹条」的关系，且描金才具有「存在于漆器表面且没有全部覆盖漆器」的逻辑，因此更贴合题干的逻辑表述方式应为「漆器︰描金工具（描金笔、描金线等）︰描金」。 The D option is clearly wrong, the painter and the paint are not constructed in the same way as kite and bamboo, and the painting has the logic of "inhabiting the surface of the painter and not covering all paints" so that the logical formulation is more relevant to the subject matter of "painting instruments, gold painting tools, etc.)........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 因此本题只有B选项接近题干逻辑，正确。 So only option B is close to the logic of the subject, right. 总体来说，由于本题题干的逻辑较为特别，根据「风筝︰竹条」的关系直接就能排除AD，再分析后排除C即可得到正确答案。 In general, because of the particular logic of the subject, it is possible to exclude AD directly from the relationship between kite and bamboo, and then to re-analyse C for the correct answer. 【2021国考地市级卷96题】 {\bord0\shad0\alphaH3D}Blug {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FFFF} {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FFFF} {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FFFF} {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FFFF}Scoffs {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FFFF} {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FFFF} {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FFFFFF00} 檀香︰麝香︰香料 Salmons, mussels, spices, wood, steel, building materials, sunlight, light, chips, powder, food, whales, abalone, sea fish. 正确率57%，易错项C 57% correct, easily mistaken C 题干很明显具有「檀香（元素1）和麝香（元素2）都是香料（元素3）」这样一个逻辑关系，直接以这一逻辑尝试代入选项： The subject is clearly related to the logic of "the fragrance (element 1) and the fragrance (element 2) are both spices (element 3)" and directly attempts to replace the option with this logic: A「木材︰钢筋︰建材」 A > > > >. >. >. A存在「木材和钢筋都是建材」的逻辑，保留。 A has the logic of "wood and steel are building materials", retained. B「日光︰月光︰光明」 B选项中，光明一般作为褒义形容词使用，比喻积极、正义、有希望，例如「光明的道路／未来」，但不会直接用来形容具体的光，即不会使用「光明的日光／月光」这种表达方式。 Under option B, light is generally used as a pseudo- adjective that is positive, just and promising, such as a “light road/future”, but is not used directly to describe the specific light, i.e. the expression “light/moon” is not used. 因此B选项错误。如果将「光明」换成「光源」，逻辑就与题干一致了。 So option B is wrong. If "light" is replaced by "light source", logic is consistent with the subject. C「薯条︰粉条︰食物」 C C > > >. >. >. . >....................................... ♪strong.................................... C存在「薯条和粉条都是食物」的逻辑，保留。 There is a logic in C that "Fries and powders are food." Keep it. D「鲸鱼︰鲍鱼︰海鱼」 "Walf, abalone, seafish" 根据初中生物学常识可知「鲸鱼不是鱼，而是海中的哺乳动物；鲍鱼也不是鱼，而是海中的软体动物」。因此，鲸鱼、鲍鱼都不是海鱼，逻辑与题干不一致，直接排除。 According to lower secondary biology, "Walf is not a fish, but a mammal in the sea; abalone is not a fish, but a molluscs in the sea." Thus, whales and abalones are not seafish, and logic is inconsistent and directly excluded. 简单分析所有选项后，可发现AC都具有「元素1和元素2都是元素3」的逻辑，那么两者谁更加合适呢？这时候就需要进一步分析了。 A simple analysis of all options reveals that AC has the logic of "Elements 1 and 2 are Element 3", so who is more appropriate for both? This is when further analysis is needed. 不难看出，题干中「檀香」的原料是植物檀香木，「麝香」原料是动物麝，两者的来源不同。以此来分析AC两个选项： It is easy to see that the raw material for the subject is the botanical wood, and the material for the musk is the animal musk, the source of which is different. To analyse the two options for AC: A选项中，「钢材」的来源是钢，「木材」的来源是木头，两者的来源不同，且「钢材」和「木材」的来源区别较大，类似于「檀香」和「麝香」的来源区别，较贴近题干逻辑。 In option A, " steel" comes from steel, "wood" comes from wood, and the source of "steel" and "wood" is much different, similar to the source of "sorms" and "smelts" and more closely related to the logic of the subject matter. C选项中，「薯条」的来源是马铃薯，「粉条」的来源是马铃薯、红薯或绿豆等，两者的来源相同或相似（马铃薯、红薯和绿豆都有大量淀粉），且「薯条」和「粉条」同样含有大量淀粉，两者的区别不像「麝香」和「檀香」那么大。 In option C, the source of the " chips" is potatoes, the source of the "paste" is potatoes, potatoes or green beans, the source of the two is the same or similar (the potatoes, potatoes and green beans have a large amount of starch), and the difference between the " chips" and the "paste" contains a large amount of starch, which is not as big as the " musk" and "smelt". 综合考虑，A选项的逻辑关系比C选项更接近题干，因此A选项更加合适。 Taken together, the logical relationship of option A is closer to the subject matter than that of option C, and thus option A is more appropriate. 本题是较为典型的「类比推理」难题，难点在于「双层逻辑」的设置。考生不仅要快速锁定「元素1和元素2都是元素3」这一表层逻辑，还要通过选项和题干的对比，进一步找出更加贴合题干逻辑的正确答案。 The question is a more typical question of "parallel reasoning" and the difficulty is that the "dual logic" is set up. The test examiners not only quickly lock in the surface logic of "Elements 1 and 2 are Element 3" but also find a more appropriate answer to the logic by comparing the options and the subject matter. 「1和2都是3」是较常见考查的逻辑关系，遇到时一定要注意「1和2」的区别。 "One and two are three" is the logic of the more common examination, and attention must be paid to the difference between "one and two" when encountered. 【2021国考地市级卷97题／省级卷102题】 Central Budget: Annual Budget: Local Budgets 中央预算：年度预算：地方预算 Central budget: Annual budget: local budget 正确率48%，易错项D 48% correct, easily mistaken entry D 分析题干的3个元素，不难发现元素1「中央预算」和元素3「地方预算」是从预算的级别来区分的，是互不包容关系；而元素2「年度预算」则指的是预算的时限，和前后两者都是交叉关系。 With regard to the three elements of the analysis, it is not difficult to find that element 1 “Central Budget” and element 3 “Local Budget” are distinguished from budget levels and are not mutually inclusive; element 2 “Annual Budget” refers to the time frame of the budget, which is cross-cutting. 可得逻辑为「元素1和元素3互不包容，元素2和元素1、元素3交叉」。以这一逻辑尝试代入选项： The available logic is "Elements 1 and 3 are not mutually inclusive, element 2 intersects element 1 and element 3. A「历史题材︰军事题材︰现实题材」 A "historic issues. Military issues. Practical issues." 不难发现A选项中的「历史」和「现实」互不包容，一个作品是历史题材则比不可能是现实题材，反之亦然，但两者都和「军事」有交叉关系，即存在「历史军事题材」或「现实军事题材」的作品，因此A选项与题干逻辑一致，保留。 It is easy to find that "historic" and "realistic" in option A are not mutually inclusive, and that one is a subject of history rather than a question of reality, and vice versa, but both have a cross-cutting relationship with "military" — that is, the existence of "historic military issues" or "real military issues" — so that option A is logically consistent with the subject and is preserved. B「户外广告︰文字广告︰电视广告」 B选项中，「户外」是地点，「文字」是形式，「电视」是媒介，三者描述的角度不同，互相为交叉关系，和题干逻辑不一致，排除。 In option B, “outdoor” is the location, “text” is the form, “TV” is the medium, the angles of which are different, cross-cutting, and the logic of the subject is inconsistent and excluded. B选项需要注意的是解析时不能「先入为主」。的确，户外广告一般以广告牌、还报等展示方式为主，但也有投放在大型商超的户外屏幕上的，这也可称之为一种特殊的电视广告，因此元素1和元素3不是「互不包容」关系。 Option B needs to be kept in mind that there is no "first-in-first-in" interpretation. Indeed, outdoor advertising is usually dominated by billboards, returns, etc., but there are also outdoor screens for large businesses, which can also be called a special TV ad, so Element 1 and Element 3 are not "uninclusive" relationships. C「知识创新︰技术创新︰管理创新」 C "Knowledge innovation. Technological innovation. Managed innovation." C选项中，可将知识、技术和管理都是创新的角度，三者相互均为「互不包容」关系，与题干逻辑不同，排除；也可认为「知识创新包括技术知识创新与管理知识创新」，即元素1和元素2、元素1和元素3分别为「交叉关系」，且元素2和元素3为「互不包容」关系。无论从哪个角度来看，三者的逻辑都与题干不一致，排除。 In option C, knowledge, technology and management can be seen as innovative perspectives, and each of them as "inclusional" relationships, different from the logic of the subject matter, excluding it. It can also be considered that "knowledge innovation includes technological and intellectual innovation and management innovation", i.e. element 1 and element 2, element 1 and element 3, respectively, are "interlocking" and element 2 and element 3 are "inclusional" relationships. D「人身权利︰生命权利︰财产权利」 "Rights of the person. Right to life. Right to property." D选项是本题的易错项，如果只注意到「人身权利和财产权利互不包容」就容易误选，但仔细分析后不难发现，生命权利属于人身权利的一种，和财产权利互不包容，与题干逻辑关系不同，排除。 Option D is a fallacy of the subject, and it is easy to mischorenate merely by noting that "the rights of the person and the rights of property are not mutually inclusive ", but by careful analysis it is easy to find that the right to life is one of the rights of the person and that the rights of property are not mutually inclusive and not in the same logical relationship as the subject. 综合考虑，本题只有A选项逻辑关系和题干一致，应选。 Taken together, this topic is selected only for the logical relationship and subject matter of option A. 本题的难点不在「类比推理」本身，而在于对选项含义的准确理解。 The difficulty of this question is not so much the “parallel reasoning” itself, but an accurate understanding of what the options mean. 题干的「预算」，B选项「户外」的含义，C选项「创新」的角度，D选项「人身权利」的法律定义，都属于「常识判断」板块经常考查的范围，掌握了这些词后，就能准确地解出答案了。 The term "budget", the meaning of "outdoor" in option B, "innovation" in option C, and the legal definition of "human rights" in option D fall within the scope of the "common sense judgement" section, which is often examined, so that the answer can be accurately solved. 这道题中考察了「常识判断」板块中常出现的「法律」类知识，从中可看出考查的综合性。 This question looks at the “law”-type knowledge that often appears in the “common sense judgement” section and shows the comprehensiveness of the examination. 【2021国考地市级卷98题／省级卷103题】 2021 City Vol. 98/Provincial Vol. 103) 健康监测︰体检︰疾病筛查 Health surveillance. Medical examination. Disease screening 正确率59%，易错项B 59% correct, easily mistaken entry B 分析题干，不难发现「健康监测」是「体检」的目的之一，而「疾病筛查」也是体检的目的，因此题干的逻辑为「元素1和元素3都是元素2的目的」。根据这一逻辑分析： It is easy to find that "health surveillance" is one of the purposes of the medical examination, and that "disease screening" is also the purpose of the medical examination, so the logic of the subject is "Element 1 and Element 3 are the purpose of Element 2". A「为国聚财︰税收︰调节分配」 A > ...................................................................................................... A选项中，元素1「为国聚财」是税务工作口号的上半句，全文是「为国聚财，为民收税」 。可以看出，「为国聚财」是税收的目的之一，而元素3「调节分配」也是税收的目的，因此A选项的逻辑和题干相同，保留。 In option A, element 1 is the first part of the tax slogan, which reads: "Together for the Nation, to collect taxes for the people." As can be seen, "Together for the Nation" is one of the purposes of taxation, while element 3 "to regulate distribution" is also the purpose of taxation, so the logic and the subject of option A are the same. B「发掘遗迹︰考古︰考证年代」 B选项中，「考证年代」是「考古」的目的之一，而「发掘遗迹」是考古的一个步骤，之前有考察评估遗迹状态，之后有文物鉴定等步骤，因此可判定B选项逻辑和题干不同，排除 In option B, the "examining age" is one of the purposes of "archaeology", while the "exploration of monuments" is one of the steps of archaeology, which is preceded by an assessment of the condition of the sites, followed by steps such as the identification of cultural objects, which makes it possible to determine that the logic and subject matter of option B are different, excluding it. C「解决争议︰审判︰强制执行」 C选项中，「解决争议」是「审判」的目的，但「强制执行」是「保证审判效力的法律措施」，不是目的，因此C选项逻辑和题干不同，排除。 In option C, "dispute resolution" is the purpose of the "trial", but "enforcement" is a "legal measure to guarantee the effectiveness of the trial" and is not an end, so the logic and the subject matter of option C are different and excluded. D「太空飞行︰航天︰地质分析」 D "Space flight.space. Geological analysis." D选项中，「太空飞行」和「航天」含义基本相同，是同义词；而「航天」的目的一般不是「地质分析」，据此可以确认D选项逻辑和题干不同，排除。 In option D, the meaning of "space flight" and "space" are essentially the same and synonyms; whereas the purpose of "space" is not generally "geological analysis", which makes it possible to confirm that the logic and subject matter of option D are different and excluded. 综合考虑，本题只有A选项的逻辑和题干较为相似，应选。 Taken together, this topic is chosen only if the logic and subject matter of option A are more similar. 本题A选项「为国聚财」是较为少见的一个口号，且B选项有一定干扰性，因此有一定难度。想要在AB中「二选一」得出正确答案的话，还是要分析下具体词语的含义。 Option A of this question is a less common slogan, and option B is somewhat intrusive and therefore difficult. If you want to get the right answer in AB, do you want to analyse the meaning of specific terms? A选项中，「为国聚财」虽然大部分考生对齐并不熟悉，但根据「为国」这一带有指向性的目的和「聚财」这一动作，可大致确定这个词与「税收」关系密切，且属于税收的目的（或者说功能）。 In option A, while most of the candidates are not familiar with the alignment, it is broadly established that the term is closely related to, and for the purpose (or function) of, taxation, based on the directional purpose of “for the country” and “richness”. B选项中，「发掘遗迹」看似和「考古」联系密切，但结合常识不难发现，「发掘遗迹」必然不是考古的目的，而是考古的步骤之一。当意识到这一点后，再结合题干与A选项中前两个元素的关系，就能排除B这个干扰项了。 In option B, the "excavation of monuments" appears to be closely linked to "archaeology" but, in conjunction with common sense, it is certainly not an archaeological purpose, but rather one of the steps of archaeology. When you realize this, then the subject matter is linked to the first two elements of option A, which excludes this interference. 本题的B选项迷惑性较大，需要认真琢磨其具体含义。 Option B on this topic is more confusing and requires careful consideration of its specific meaning. 【2021国考地市级卷99题】杠杆 对于（ ）相当于（ ）对于 成语 Leverage for () equal to () words 杠杆 对于（ ）相当于（ ）对于 成语? Leverage equals () to () words 正确率74%，易错项—— 74% correct, easily mistaken -- 「错位空」题，需要一一代入。 The question of "missing" requires a generation to enter. A「杠杆︰滑轮」「固定短语︰成语」 A 'leveraging, sliding wheels' 前半部分，根据初中物理基础知识可知，杠杆和滑轮都是简单机械，且两者在结构上没有任何相似之处，可视作「互不包容」关系。 In the first half, according to the basic physical knowledge of junior secondary schools, leverage and sliders are simple machines, and there is no structural similarity between the two, which can be considered as "inclusive " relationships. 后半部分，「固定短语」意为「结构固定的短语」，而「成语」的结构固定，因此成语属于固定短语，两者为「包容」关系。 In the latter part, the term “fixed phrase” means a “structured phrase”, while the structure of the word “written” is fixed, so that the expression is a fixed phrase, which is a “inclusive” relationship. 因此A选项前后逻辑不一致，排除。 As a result, option A is not logical and excludes. B「杠杆︰力臂」「水滴石穿︰成语」 "Strong" B "leveraging. Strength arm." 前半部分，根据初中物理常识可知，杠杆由动力臂、阻力臂和支点三部分组成，即「力臂」是「杠杆」的组成部分，逻辑关系为「后是前的组成部分」。 In the first half, according to the physical common sense of junior high school, leverage consists of three parts: the power arm, the resistance arm and the support point, which is part of the "leveraging" and the logical relationship is "and then part of the front". 后半部分，水滴石穿是成语，逻辑关系为「前属于后」。 In the latter part, the dripping stone is written and the logical relationship is "previously backward". 因此B选项前后逻辑不一致，排除。 As a result, option B is not logical and excludes. C「杠杆︰省力杠杆」「春夏秋冬︰成语」 前半部分，「省力杠杆」是「杠杆」的一种，两者为「包容」关系；后半部分，「春夏秋冬」不是「成语」，两者为「互不包容」关系。 In the first half, “saving leverage” is a kind of “leveraging”, both of which are “inclusive” relationships; in the second part, “spring and fall and winter” are not “spoken” and the two are “uninclusive” relationships. 因此C选项前后逻辑不一致，排除。 As a result, option C is not logical and excludes. D「杠杆︰简单机械」「四字成语︰成语」 前半部分，根据初中常识可知，「杠杆」是「简单机械」的一种；后半部分，「四字成语」是「成语」的一种。 In the first part, "leveraging" is one of "simple machines" according to the common knowledge of junior secondary schools; in the second part, "four words" is one of "words". 因此D选项前后逻辑一致。综合对比不难看出，本题只有D选项符合要求，应选。 This is why option D is logical. A comprehensive comparison shows that only option D meets the requirements and should be selected. 【2021国考地市级卷100题／省级卷104题】 （ ）对于 口罩 相当于 竹子 对于（ ） () For a mask equivalent to bamboo for () 正确率89%，易错项—— The correct rate is 89%, and the misdirected entry - 「错位空」题，需要一一代入。 The question of "missing" requires a generation to enter. A「耳挂︰口罩」「竹子︰竹炭」 "Strong" A "Ears and Mask" 前半部分，耳挂佩戴在耳朵上，口罩佩戴在嘴+耳朵上，勉强可算存在「佩戴在不同器官的物品」这一逻辑。 In the first half, there is an ear on the ear and a mask on the mouth + the ear, and there is a logic of “articles with different organs”. 后半部分，竹子可制作成竹炭，两者逻辑为「前者能够制成后者」。 In the latter part, bamboo can be made into charcoal, the logic being that the former can be made into the latter. 因此前后逻辑显然不一致，排除。 It is therefore clear that the logic is inconsistent and excludes. B「无纺布︰口罩」「竹子︰斗笠」 {\bord0\shad0\alphaH3D}"Strong"B"Stackless. 无纺布是制作口罩的原材料，竹子是制作斗笠的原材料。两者逻辑关系接近，保留。 No spinning is the raw material for making masks, and bamboo is the raw material for making braids. C「卫生用品︰口罩」「竹子︰竹叶」 C C >hygiene mask > bamboo > 口罩属于「卫生用品」这一大类别下的一种具体品类，而竹叶是竹子的一部分，两者逻辑关系不同，排除。 The mask belongs to a specific category of goods under the broad category of “health supplies”, while bamboo is part of the bamboo, which is logically different and excluded. 如果C选项把「竹叶」换成一种具体的竹子品名（比如毛竹、箭竹等），前后逻辑就一致了。 If option C were to replace the word " bamboo" with a specific name for bamboo (e.g. mackerel, arrow, etc.), the logic would be the same. D「医用口罩︰口罩」「竹子︰箭竹」 "Strong" D "Medical Mask. 根据C选项的解析可知，如果把「医用口罩」和「口罩」位置调换一下，前后逻辑才相同，因此排除D选项。 Based on the interpretation of option C, it is understood that if the " medical mask " and " mask " were changed, the logic would be the same, thus excluding option D. 综合对比不难看出，本题只有B选项符合要求，应选。 The overall comparison shows that only option B meets the requirements and should be selected. 【2021国考省级卷103题】 {\bord0\shad0\alphaH3D}The {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FF00}The {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FFFF}{\cH00FFFF00}The {\cH00FFFF}{\cH00FFFF00} The {\cH00FFFF00}D {\cHFFFFFF}{\cH00FF00}Scoffs. 江河湖海∶水体 The river and lake bodies of the sea 正确率57%，易错项AB 57% correct, easily misdirected AB 题干逻辑大致为「江河湖海都是水体」。代入选项： The logic of the subject is basically "the rivers and lakes are bodies of water." A「鳏寡孤独都可以算作身份」，保留。 A, "Lionage can be an identity." 在ACD中进一步分析： Further analysis in ACD: A选项中，《孟子·梁惠王》给出了很明确的解释：“老而无妻曰鳏，老而无夫曰寡，老而无子曰独，幼而无父曰孤。” In option A, King Menzie Leung Hue gave a very clear explanation: “Old and widowed, old and widowed, old and childless, young and fatherless”. 也就是说，「鳏寡孤独」泛指没有劳动力而又没有亲属供养、无依无靠的人，因此「身份」描述不够准确，应当换作「弱势群体」等词更加合适。 In other words, the term “widow alone” refers generally to people who do not have the labour force and who do not have relatives to support them, so that the description of “identity” is not accurate and should be more appropriate in terms of “vulnerable groups”. C选项中，「山珍」和「海味」是两个元素，指代的是山中、海里的珍贵食材，也可泛指各种珍稀的美食。 In option C, the term "sun-jin" and the term "sea smell" are two elements that refer to precious foods in the mountains and at sea, as well as to rare foods in general. 对比可发现，题干前半部分有4个元素，而C选项为2个元素，因此C选项不如有4个元素的AD更接近题干逻辑，排除。 A comparison shows that there are four elements in the first half of the subject, while option C is two elements, so option C is less proximate to the logic of the subject than the AD with four elements. 综合分析可确定D选项最接近题干逻辑，应选。 A comprehensive analysis identifies option D as the closest to the subject-oriented logic and should be selected. 本题的难点在于正确选项不仔细分析容易误解，而干扰项又设置地特别「拧巴」，所以解析时一定要细心。 The difficulty of this question is that the correct option is easy to misunderstand without careful analysis and that the jamming item is set to be particularly “cracked”, so that the analysis must be carefully thought out. 1.正确选项容易误解 1. The correct option is misleading . 作为正确选项的D中「绫罗绸缎」这个固定搭配，大家都比较熟悉，但很少有考生会仔细了解其含义。 The fixed mix of "silk silk" in D, which is the correct option, is well known to all, but few examiners know what it means. 由于「绸缎」是一个词，有的考生就误以为「绸缎」指的是一种面料，同理推测「绫罗」是一种面料，觉得「绫罗绸缎」有2个而不是4个元素，从而排除了D。 Since "silk" is a word, some examiners mistakenly assume that "silk" means a face, and conjecture that "silk" is a face, suggesting that "silk" has two rather than four elements, thus excluding D. 事实上，结构相似的汉字（同偏旁或同部首），即使有固定搭配，也不会由两个字来表达同一个含义。比如「澎湃」「尴尬」「鸳鸯」这种结构相似、一般不拆开使用的连绵词，两个汉字也有细微的差别。 In fact, if there was a fixed combination of two characters, the same meaning would not be expressed in a similar structure (synthetic or identical). For example, a similar structure such as an "indignity" or "indulgentness" would typically be used without unbundling, and there would be a slight difference between the two characters. 因此，「绫罗绸缎」是4种不同的面料，其中绫和罗较为接近，绸和缎较为接近，但并不完全相同，所以在本题中是4个元素，与题干逻辑相同，正确。 As a result, "grass silk" is four different types of fabric, of which thugs and thongs are closer, and thugs and thugs are closer, but not identical, so there are four elements in this subject, the same logic as the subject. 2.干扰项非常「拧巴」 2. Disruption is very "strange" . 本题C选项显而易见只有2个元素，较容易排除，但AB选项干扰性都比较强，而且非常「拧巴」，解析有一定困难。 Option C of this question clearly has only two elements, which are easier to exclude, but option AB is more disruptive and very " twisting ", which is somewhat difficult to interpret. A选项最让人纠结的就是这个「身份」，说鳏寡孤独都是身份吧，也能说得过去；但要论对应关系，A选项显然远不如「江河湖海∶水体」对应的舒服。 The most disturbing thing about option A is the "identity", which says that widows and widowers are both identities and can be said to be valid, but in terms of correspondence, option A is clearly far less comfortable than the "water bodies of rivers and lakes". 因此，各位小伙伴在解析时不要纠结「身份」究竟合不合适，只要能够推理出「身份」换成「弱势群体（失去亲属，无生活来源的群体）」，至少可以判定A选项的逻辑和题干有一定的差距就可以了。 As a result, little partners should not question the appropriateness of “identity” in their analysis, provided that it can be deduced that “identity” is replaced by “vulnerable groups (lost relatives, groups without a source of livelihood)” and that there is at least a gap between the logic and the subject matter of option A. B选项的「调味」同样让人纠结。或许有的小伙伴一眼就看出「油盐酱醋是调味品而不是调味」，但也有不少小伙伴纠结于「油盐酱醋都能调味」，而迟迟不能排除B。 The "tweaking" of option B is also troubling. While some of the small partners see it at first glance that "the sauce vinegar is a tasting rather than a tasting," there are also a lot of small partners who are stuck with "the sauce is a tweaking vinegar" and are unable to rule out B. 对于这个疑惑，最重要的还是回到题干。根据「江河湖海∶水体」可以确定，题干最直观的逻辑就是「前者4个元素都属于后者的范畴」既然B选项在最直观的逻辑上明显和题干无法对应，那么就不用费劲心思去拐弯抹角思考「江河湖海都能有水体的功能」等奇怪的逻辑，直接排除掉就可以了。 The most important thing is to get back to the issue. According to the River and Lake Sea Water Body, the most straightforward logic is that "the four elements of the former belong to the latter" and since option B is obvious in the most intuitive logic and cannot be matched by the subject matter, it is not necessary to think about the strange logic of "the river and lake sea all have the function of water" and simply exclude it. 本题「拧巴」的干扰项给考生造成了不小的压力，一定要记得「以原文为主」。 The interference with the subject "screwing" puts considerable pressure on the candidates, and it is important to remember that "the original language is the main reason". 【2021国考省级卷105题】 核安全 对于（ ）相当于（ ） 对于 虚拟货币 Nuclear safety corresponds () to () nuclear technology for the virtual currency 正确率82%，易错项—— 82% correct, easily mistaken -- 「错位空」题，需要一一代入。需要注意的是，前半部分的「核安全」定义较为广泛，既可以理解为「安全利用核能」，也可理解为「用核能保障国家安全」，还可以将其理解为一种理论、战略（例如冷战期间美苏双方的「确保摧毁战略」，用核威慑保障和安全），因此在解析时要综合考虑这三个方面。 The issue of "missing" requires a generation to enter. It should be noted that the definition of "nuclear safety" in the first half is broad and can be understood both as "safe use of nuclear energy" and as "safe use of nuclear energy to safeguard national security" and as a theory, strategy (e.g. the US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-US-NSTERMINATION AND SECURITY) so that these three aspects should be considered together in the analysis. A「核安全︰核技术」「货币︰虚拟货币」 A' Nuclear safety. Nuclear technology's 'currency. Virtual currency' 前半部分，核安全和核技术大致为交叉关系，例如保障核电站安全运行这一工作属于核安全也属于核技术，但关于「理论战略」的核安全不属于核技术，关于提升核武器杀伤力的核技术也不属于核安全。 In the first half, nuclear safety and technology are largely cross-cutting, for example, while ensuring the safe operation of nuclear power plants is nuclear safety or nuclear technology, nuclear safety with regard to “theoretical strategies” is not nuclear technology, nor is nuclear technology with regard to increasing the lethality of nuclear weapons. 后半部分，虚拟货币属于货币。 In the latter part, the virtual currency is the currency. 因此前后逻辑显然不一致，排除。 It is therefore clear that the logic is inconsistent and excludes. B「核安全︰核泄漏」「交易货币︰虚拟货币」 B "Nuclear safety. Nuclear leak." "Transactional currency. Virtual currency." 前半部分，关于核安全最重要的工作之一就是「防止核泄漏」，因此两者关系难以判定，勉强可视作「核泄漏属于核安全的研究范畴」。 In the first half, one of the most important aspects of nuclear safety is “preventing nuclear leakage”, so it is difficult to determine the relationship between the two, which can be considered to be “nuclear leakage within the scope of nuclear safety research”. 后半部分的两者为交叉关系，交易货币包括实物（实体）货币和个别被认可的虚拟货币（例如比特币），大多数虚拟货币是无人问津甚至是图一乐的。 The latter part is cross-linked, and the currency of transactions consists of physical (entity) currencies and individual recognized virtual currencies (e.g. bitcoins), most of which are unattended or even hobbled. 因此前后逻辑不一致，排除。 The logic is therefore inconsistent and excludes. C「核安全︰国家安全」「比特币︰虚拟货币」 C "Nuclear safety. National security." 前半部分，核安全是一种国家安全；后半部分，比特币是一种虚拟货币。 In the first part, nuclear safety is a national security; in the second part, Bitcoin is a virtual currency. 因此两者逻辑相同，保留。 So the logic is the same, reservations. D「核安全︰网络安全」「游戏币︰虚拟货币」 前半部分，核安全、网络安全和军事安全、经济安全一样，都属于「国家安全」，两者为互不包容（并列）关系。 In the first half, nuclear safety, cybersecurity and military security, as in the case of economic security, are among the “national security” and the two are not inclusive (coherent) relationships. 后半部分，游戏币有实物游戏币（例如电玩城中的游戏币）和虚拟游戏币（例如网络游戏中的游戏币），而虚拟货币也有和游戏无关的（例如比特币），两者为交叉关系。 In the latter part, there are in-kind game coins (e.g., in a video game town) and virtual game coins (e.g., in a network game), while virtual currency is not related to the game (e.g., bitcoin), which are cross-cutting. 因此两者逻辑不同，排除。 There is therefore a difference in logic between the two, excluding them. 综合考虑，本题只有C选项前后两者逻辑相同，应选。 Taken together, only option C would have the same logic and should be selected.
船舶抛锚∶请求救援
（A）安全着陆︰平稳飞行
（B）行政复议︰获得赔偿
（C）卖出高粱︰买入白酒
（D）违规销售︰停业整顿
Ship anchoring request rescue
(A) safe landing >
(B) administrative review >
(C) compensation for sale of sorghum > >...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
（A）安全着陆︰平稳飞行
（B）行政复议︰获得赔偿
（C）卖出高粱︰买入白酒
（D）违规销售︰停业整顿
春山暖日和风︰阑干楼阁帘栊
（A）绿蚁新醅酒︰红泥小火炉
（B）鸡声茅店月︰人迹板桥霜
（C）江碧鸟逾白︰山青花欲燃
（D）柴门闻犬吠︰风雪夜归人
（A）绿蚁新醅酒︰红泥小火炉
（B）鸡声茅店月︰人迹板桥霜
（C）江碧鸟逾白︰山青花欲燃
（D）柴门闻犬吠︰风雪夜归人
（A）「绿蚁」是因为酒中添加了可食用调色剂
（B）「醅酒」的过程利用了微生物的作用
（C）炉火燃烧的过程是内能转化成化学能
（D）从雪到水的转化过程会释放出热量
(A) "Green ant" because the process of adding an edible colorable
小桥流水人家，
古道西风瘦马。
夕阳西下，断肠人在天涯。
A选项考的是2020年国考「常识判断」板块的原题；
B选项考的是「多个独立事物」中「不是最有名的」诗句；
C选项考的是「环境与生物的衬托」中「不是最有名的」诗句；D选项虽然有多个事物，「但有明显的动作和时间顺序」，且D和B还有点像，如果不注意也可能会选错。
A is the original theme of the "common sense judgement" section of the national test in 2020;
立体化战争︰数字化战争
（A）民主型管理︰专制型管理
（B）防风林︰观赏树木
（C）有氧运动︰医疗瘦身
（D）绩效奖励︰物质奖励
Stereo-war: Digital War
(A) Democratic Management
(B) Anti-winding Forest > Tree
(C) Aerobic Movement > Medical Thin
(D) Performance Incentives for Material
（A）民主型管理︰专制型管理
（B）防风林︰观赏树木
（C）有氧运动︰医疗瘦身
（D）绩效奖励︰物质奖励
(A) Democratic management. Autonomy management
(B) Wind forest
(C) Aerobic movement. Medical thinning
strong (D) Performance reward. Material reward
风筝︰篾刀︰竹条
（A）泥塑︰黏土︰颜料
（B）绣品︰绣针︰绣线
（C）糖人︰蔗糖︰竹签
（D）漆器︰描金︰涂料
(C) Sugar, bamboo
paintr, gold, paint.
（A）泥塑︰黏土︰颜料
（B）绣品︰绣针︰绣线
（C）糖人︰蔗糖︰竹签
（D）漆器︰描金︰涂料
檀香︰麝香︰香料
（A）木材︰钢筋︰建材
（B）日光︰月光︰光明
（C）薯条︰粉条︰食物
（D）鲸鱼︰鲍鱼︰海鱼
（A）木材︰钢筋︰建材
（B）日光︰月光︰光明
（C）薯条︰粉条︰食物
（D）鲸鱼︰鲍鱼︰海鱼
中央预算：年度预算：地方预算
（A）历史题材︰军事题材︰现实题材
（B）户外广告︰文字广告︰电视广告
（C）知识创新︰技术创新︰管理创新
（D）人身权利︰生命权利︰财产权利
(A) Historical Topics. Military. Practical issues
(B) Outdoor ads. Text ads. Television ads
(C) Intellectual Innovations.. Technological Innovations Management Innovation
(D) Personal Rights. Right to Life. Property Rights
（A）历史题材︰军事题材︰现实题材
（B）户外广告︰文字广告︰电视广告
（C）知识创新︰技术创新︰管理创新
（D）人身权利︰生命权利︰财产权利
(B) outdoor advertising. Text advert. Television commercial
(C) Intellectual innovation. Technological innovation. Management innovation
(D) personal rights. Right to life. Right to property
健康监测︰体检︰疾病筛查
（A）为国聚财︰税收︰调节分配
（B）发掘遗迹︰考古︰考证年代
（C）解决争议︰审判︰强制执行
（D）太空飞行︰航天︰地质分析
Health Surveillance > Medical Examination.. Disease Screening
(A) for national enrichment.. Taxation.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
（A）为国聚财︰税收︰调节分配
（B）发掘遗迹︰考古︰考证年代
（C）解决争议︰审判︰强制执行
（D）太空飞行︰航天︰地质分析
(B) excavations. Archaeology. test years
(C) dispute resolution. Trial. Enforcement of
(D) space flight.
（A）滑轮；固定短语
（B）力臂；水滴石穿
（C）省力杠杆；春夏秋冬
（D）简单机械；四字成语
(A) sliders; fixed phrases
(B) arm; dropstones through
(C) save leverage; simple machinery for spring, summer, autumn, winter
(D); four words
（A）滑轮；固定短语
（B）力臂；水滴石穿
（C）省力杠杆；春夏秋冬
（D）简单机械；四字成语
(A) slider; fixed phrase
(B) arm; dropstone through
(C) saver; simple machinery (D) during spring, summer, fall, winter
（ ）对于 口罩 相当于 竹子 对于（ ）
（A）耳挂；竹炭
（B）无纺布；斗笠
（C）卫生用品；竹叶
（D）医用口罩；箭竹
() for masks is equivalent to bamboo for()
(A) earlids; bamboo
(B) unwieldy; dob>(C) health supplies; bamboo leaf
(D) medical mask; arrows
（A）耳挂；竹炭
（B）无纺布；斗笠
（C）卫生用品；竹叶
（D）医用口罩；箭竹
(A) earlids; bamboo
(C) sanitary articles; bamboo
(D) medical mask; arrows
江河湖海∶水体
（A）鳏寡孤独∶身份
（B）油盐酱醋∶调味
（C）山珍海味∶美食
（D）绫罗绸缎∶面料
（A）鳏寡孤独∶身份
（B）油盐酱醋∶调味
（C）山珍海味∶美食
（D）绫罗绸缎∶面料
(A) are widowed and lonely and their identities
(B) are sour with salt sauce >br' (C) are beautiful and delicious.
B「油盐酱醋都是调味品而不是调味」，排除。
C「山珍海味都是美食」，保留。
D「绫罗绸缎都是面料」，保留。
B, "The salt sauce vinegar is an appetizer rather than an appetizer," excluded.
C, "The sea smell is a delicacy", retained.
D, "The silk silk is a paste", retained.
核安全 对于（ ）相当于（ ） 对于 虚拟货币
（A）核技术；货币
（B）核泄漏；交易货币
（C）国家安全；比特币
（D）网络安全；游戏币
Nuclear safety for () equivalent to () nuclear technology for virtual currency
(A); currency
(B) nuclear leakage; trade currency
(C) national security; Bitcoin
(D) network security; game currency
（A）核技术；货币
（B）核泄漏；交易货币
（C）国家安全；比特币
（D）网络安全；游戏币
(A); nuclear leakage of currency
(B); national security of transaction currency
(C); network security of Bitcoin
(D); game currency
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